Investigating The Structure Of Pig Heart Physical Education Essay

Investigating The structure Of Pig oculus Physical Education EssayIntroduction in that location ar three layers of the feel the epicardium, myocardium and the endocardium. The heart, like a dual ticker, which is to pump telephone circuit around the whole body, pick-up nutrients and oxygen, at the same time, helping communicate deleterious wastes, such as carbon dioxide. Moreover, the heart consists of four put up two heart heart heart ventricles and two atria. The upper chambers are called atria while the scorn chambers are called ventricles, they are separated by valves. Valves are one-way, interpret insert 1(Lane, 2010b), hence, they play an important role in preventing the relationship from flux back.Figure 1 One Way Valve (Lane, 2010b)The leftfield(p) are remediate chambers are separated by goodish hem in septum. With issue this septum, agate line from one chamber will be mixed up with the decline from another and be contaminated (Burnell, 2010).The ventri cles have buddy-buddyer muscles than the atria, they are strong comely to pump the blood out of the heart and circulate to other part of the body. Besides, the pressure applied on the left ventricle is greater. As a result, the walls of the left ventricle are the thickest among all the walls of chambers (Burnell, 2010).The coronary arterial blood vessel supply blood to heart muscles and oxygenated, it under the groove on the count the heart and it branches over the front (Lane, 2010b)The pulmonic artery can channelise blood to lungs to incept oxygen. It is used to travel the short distance to lungs because large good deal of blood can be passed through and oxygenated. The pulmonary artery locates d of curving out of the beneficial ventricle (Lane, 2010b).MethodologyApparatusThe corporal and apparatus used in the experiment the fresh pig heart, dissecting pan, forceps, scalpels, scissor and gloves.Methods and ObservationsProcedure 1 External Structure (Lane, 2010a)The heart was washed and lay into a dissecting pan.The discolor of heart is pink, white colour exist in the top (maybe this colour is from fatty) and with much dried blood. It can be held by two hands and approximately is 13 cm 10 cm 7 cm. The heart is active 0.25 kg.The pericardium was shew a covering the membrane of heart. The pericardium was cauterize by a scalpel so that the pericardium could be observed. The myocardium was turn up infra the pericardium.The pericardium is a strong membrane. Thus, it is difficult to remove this membrane. It is about 1mm and colourless.The apex was located and was pointing down.The apex is easy to find, it is pink and pointed.The front of the heart was recognized by a groove that extends from the effective side of the broad end to the left of the apex.There are many veined patterns in the front of heart, judged it in this way the major blood vessels were on the top half travel rapidly down to the apex.There were four chambers in heart. The left and advanced atria were found.Left and just chambers are distinct and atria are upper than the ventricles. Also, the left chambers are bigger than right chamber.Blood vessels at the broad end of the heart were located. The coronary artery was found its amaze the pulmonary artery was located by finger curving out of the right ventricle and the aorta was located behind the pulmonary artery. The pulmonary veins were found at the top of the left atrium. The superior venous blood vessel cava was found in top of right atrium.The coronary artery is under the groove on the front of the heart. The pulmonary artery on the right side, the aorta is behind the pulmonary artery both from the top. The diameters of holes are about 3cm. The pulmonary vein is in the left side and behind the superior vena cave. However, the inferior vena cava can not be found.Figure 2 and Figure 3 are shown the orthogonal structure (Xia, 2010).Procedure 2 Internal name (Lane, 2010a)Using scissors, the pulmonary artery was cut through. The wall of the right ventricle was cut down continually, parallel to the groove of coronary artery.It is easy to cut through and the wall of the right ventricle. The wall is about 1cm thin and in truth smooth.A finger was used to push open the heart, the dried blood inner the chambers was washed out.Many blood clots exist inside. The blood clots are dark and jellified.The muscular wall of right atrium was measured. The right ventricle was felt the weightiness and its smooth textured lining.The muscular wall of the right atrium was measured, about 1cm. The wall is very smooth.Inferior vena cava was found in the internal right ventricle, and the lack of valves was noticed.Inferior vena cava in the inside chamber lower left, which locate in right ventricle, near apex.The valve among the right atrium and right ventricle was observed.The valve between the right atrium and right ventricle is thin and easy to break. It was not easily seen.The network of irregul ar muscular pile was noticed.The network of irregular muscular cords was found everywhere. The colour of them is pink and ropy. It is hard to destroy.The septum on the right side of the right ventricle was found.The septum on the right side of right ventricle is very thick about 1.5cm.Using a finger, the pulmonary artery was followed to locate the right ventricle. The pulmonary valve was found.The pulmonary valve is very thin about 1mm and not seen to be intact.Figure 3 is shown the right side of heart (Xia, 2010).Using scissors, the heart was cut on the outside of left atrium downward into the left ventricle cutting toward the apex to septum at the center groove. The heart was cleaned.The wall of the left atrium is about 2.5cm. The wall of the left ventricle is thicker, about 3 cm and hard to cut through. Jellified bloods were washed.Semi-lunar valves were found.Semi-lunar valves are consisting two valves, about 1mm and pink.Mitral valve was found.The two parts of valves were seen and about 1mm.The left ventricle was cut across toward the aorta, to come across any valves.The left ventricle is hard to cut because the wall is about 3cm.The aortic valve was found.The valve is consisted of three flaps, the shape as half-moon, about 1mm.Figure 5 is shown the left side of heart (Xia, 2010).Figure 6 is shown the internal conformation (Xia, 2010)ResultFigure 2 The Front View of Heart (Xia, 2010)Figure 3 The Rear View of Heart (Xia, 2010)Figure 4 The right on Side of Heart (Xia, 2010)Figure 5 The Left Side of Heart (Xia, 2010)Figure 6 The Internal Structure (Xia, 2010)All these figures are at the end of report in the appendix.DiscussionInitially, because the structure of heart is unfamiliar, the butt against was done slowly, and many aspects are uncertain. In addition, before the experiment a picture of heart structure was found, during the experiment the picture was used to comparing with the real heart so that identification can be to a greater extent easily achieved to find structures fix. However, the correct position of picture is varied from position in the real heart. The reasons may the diagram is idealized, the real heart is assoil and collapsed, structures lack colour contrast to distinguish.When the wall of left ventricle was cut, it is more difficult to sever than the right ventricle. During procedure 2, some muscular cords were cut and some places were undistinguishable. The wall of left ventricle is much thicker than right wall because the left ventricle did the major work.The handout suggested that watching the diastole and systole of the heart. However, this is a departed pig heart, thus, the phenomenon can not be seen. In addition, valves are very thin, when the heart is cut, valves are easily destroyed by mistake, such as the pulmonary valve is not seen to be intact.ConclusionDuring the experiment, the heart was examined, its external structure, each vessels characteristic and position was found and recognized. In the internal anatomy, different positions of valves were found. Dimensions of different parts of heart were measured the size of heart, the pericardium, the diameter of vessels holes, the wall of the right ventricle and atrium, the wall of the left ventricle and atrium, the thickness of semi-lunar valves, the thickness of mitral valve, the thickness of aortic valve.