Middlemarch

One of the central themes that runs through Middlemarch is that of marriage. Indeed, it has been argued that Middlemarch can be construed as a treatise in favor of divorce. I do not think that this is the case, although there are a number of obviously unsuitable marriages. If it had been Elliot's intention to write about such a controversial subject, I believe she would not have resorted to veiling it in a novel.She illustrates the different stages of relationships that her characters undergo, from courtship through to marriage, George Eliot had pondered enough about the position nd the portrayal of women in Victorian society, and the various responses different types of women elicit. Probably this had enabled Eliot to sketch and embed in her novel, charming characters such as Dorothea and Rosamond, two very different women who reflected in them the different tunes of the times. Their ideas would be echoed and supported in the works of other writers in this era.Up until this time, ma rriage had been thought and been written about to be a method for men to control women and allow them to be dependent and subservient rather than to search for love. To highlight the cause of women, Eliot made a rather calculated move and brought in marriage as a very important theme in Middlemarch. Marriage, central to the lives of women in Victorian society becomes the canvas on which her two characters bloom. Thus, she illustrates the different stages of relationships that her characters undergo, from courtship through to marriage.A fellow mortal with whose nature you are acquainted with solely through the brief entrances and exits of a few imaginative weeks called courtship, may, when seen in the continuity of married companionship, be disclosed as something better or worse han what you have preconceived, but will certainly not appear altogether the same. (Eliot, 193) She not only includes the new couples (Fred and Mary, Celia and Chettam), but also the older ones (the Garths an d the Cadwalladers and the Bulstrodes), as well as widowhood (Dorothea).But because of the strength, depth and diversity in Dorothea and Rosamond, they remain brightest even as the story unfolds a nuptial kaleidoscope through various couples. The marriage that would seem most in need of a divorce was that between Dorothea and Casaubon- which ironically, is the ne that would last the longest if divorce had been available. Dorothea would not, indeed could not divorce Casaubon because of her honesty and the strength of her idealism. Despite the fact that Casaubon is clearly unsuitable, she still goes ahead with the marriage.It can be said that Dorothea represents the antithesis of Casaubon, where he his cold and severe, she is warm and friendly. Indeed, they are portrayed in clearly different ways: Dorothea represents light and life, while Casaubon is darkness and death. To Mr. Brooke, Casaubon is â€Å"buried in books,† to Sir James he seems a â€Å"mummy' who has â€Å"not a drop of red blood in him (Eliot, 447). † The very thought that Dorothea has come to be engaged to him causes Celia to start to grieve.Everything about Casaubon issues from this basic metaphor. His appearance – a pa id complexion, deep eye sockets, iron-grey hair, makes his head look like a skull. Indeed, his proposal to Dorothea, in which his affection is introduced in parenthesis, shows that he is emotionally dead. Eliot could not have been precise on such matters, but he may be sexually impotent, for Dorothea is found â€Å"sobbing bitterly' on her oneymoon in Rome, and it may not simply be his deficiencies as a scholar that account for her disappointment.It is not love that attracts Dorothea to the corpse-like Casaubon, but rather her sense of duty; her desire to be like one of Milton's daughters. Dorothea, orphaned at a young age, would seem to long for a husband who can fill the role of the father she lost. In this era, there was a lot of pressure for women to ac t in order to please the father of the family. In this case Dorothea shares this desire to obey what she believes her father's wishes would be in order to be a good daughter.Just as Eliot is stating a satirical example on the concept of pleasing patriarchal fgures, this idea was touched upon in Mary Wollstonecraft's Vindication of the Rights of Women in which Wollstonecraft wrote, â€Å"obeying a parent only on account of his being a parent, shackles the mind, and prepares it for a slavish submission to any power but reason (153). † In this segment, Mary is trying to emphasize that teaching children to obey without question will cause a blindness as they reach adulthood that will prevent them from making decisions that are better off for their happiness in life.This can be seen in Dorothea's choice in marrying Casaubon. Casaubon's age is no deterrence; indeed she would rather marry a teacher / father fgure than a romantic person at the beginning of the novel. She learns, thou gh, that this is a bad idea, and so finds herself attracted to Ladislaw. She is so possessed with the idea of contributing to the good of humanity through the assistance she can offer Casaubon, she does not even notice how patronizing and self-centered he is. Middlemarch One of the central themes that runs through Middlemarch is that of marriage. Indeed, it has been argued that Middlemarch can be construed as a treatise in favor of divorce. I do not think that this is the case, although there are a number of obviously unsuitable marriages. If it had been Elliot's intention to write about such a controversial subject, I believe she would not have resorted to veiling it in a novel.She illustrates the different stages of relationships that her characters undergo, from courtship through to marriage, George Eliot had pondered enough about the position nd the portrayal of women in Victorian society, and the various responses different types of women elicit. Probably this had enabled Eliot to sketch and embed in her novel, charming characters such as Dorothea and Rosamond, two very different women who reflected in them the different tunes of the times. Their ideas would be echoed and supported in the works of other writers in this era.Up until this time, ma rriage had been thought and been written about to be a method for men to control women and allow them to be dependent and subservient rather than to search for love. To highlight the cause of women, Eliot made a rather calculated move and brought in marriage as a very important theme in Middlemarch. Marriage, central to the lives of women in Victorian society becomes the canvas on which her two characters bloom. Thus, she illustrates the different stages of relationships that her characters undergo, from courtship through to marriage.A fellow mortal with whose nature you are acquainted with solely through the brief entrances and exits of a few imaginative weeks called courtship, may, when seen in the continuity of married companionship, be disclosed as something better or worse han what you have preconceived, but will certainly not appear altogether the same. (Eliot, 193) She not only includes the new couples (Fred and Mary, Celia and Chettam), but also the older ones (the Garths an d the Cadwalladers and the Bulstrodes), as well as widowhood (Dorothea).But because of the strength, depth and diversity in Dorothea and Rosamond, they remain brightest even as the story unfolds a nuptial kaleidoscope through various couples. The marriage that would seem most in need of a divorce was that between Dorothea and Casaubon- which ironically, is the ne that would last the longest if divorce had been available. Dorothea would not, indeed could not divorce Casaubon because of her honesty and the strength of her idealism. Despite the fact that Casaubon is clearly unsuitable, she still goes ahead with the marriage.It can be said that Dorothea represents the antithesis of Casaubon, where he his cold and severe, she is warm and friendly. Indeed, they are portrayed in clearly different ways: Dorothea represents light and life, while Casaubon is darkness and death. To Mr. Brooke, Casaubon is â€Å"buried in books,† to Sir James he seems a â€Å"mummy' who has â€Å"not a drop of red blood in him (Eliot, 447). † The very thought that Dorothea has come to be engaged to him causes Celia to start to grieve.Everything about Casaubon issues from this basic metaphor. His appearance – a pa id complexion, deep eye sockets, iron-grey hair, makes his head look like a skull. Indeed, his proposal to Dorothea, in which his affection is introduced in parenthesis, shows that he is emotionally dead. Eliot could not have been precise on such matters, but he may be sexually impotent, for Dorothea is found â€Å"sobbing bitterly' on her oneymoon in Rome, and it may not simply be his deficiencies as a scholar that account for her disappointment.It is not love that attracts Dorothea to the corpse-like Casaubon, but rather her sense of duty; her desire to be like one of Milton's daughters. Dorothea, orphaned at a young age, would seem to long for a husband who can fill the role of the father she lost. In this era, there was a lot of pressure for women to ac t in order to please the father of the family. In this case Dorothea shares this desire to obey what she believes her father's wishes would be in order to be a good daughter.Just as Eliot is stating a satirical example on the concept of pleasing patriarchal fgures, this idea was touched upon in Mary Wollstonecraft's Vindication of the Rights of Women in which Wollstonecraft wrote, â€Å"obeying a parent only on account of his being a parent, shackles the mind, and prepares it for a slavish submission to any power but reason (153). † In this segment, Mary is trying to emphasize that teaching children to obey without question will cause a blindness as they reach adulthood that will prevent them from making decisions that are better off for their happiness in life.This can be seen in Dorothea's choice in marrying Casaubon. Casaubon's age is no deterrence; indeed she would rather marry a teacher / father fgure than a romantic person at the beginning of the novel. She learns, thou gh, that this is a bad idea, and so finds herself attracted to Ladislaw. She is so possessed with the idea of contributing to the good of humanity through the assistance she can offer Casaubon, she does not even notice how patronizing and self-centered he is.

A cup of coffee Essay

On a grey, rainy, foggy day, the first thing that comes to my mind is a cup of coffee. On a sunny, happy day, the first thing that comes to my mind is a cup of coffee. Whether I feel like a â€Å"superstar† or not, all I need is one cup of deliciously, fresh-brewed coffee. Every morning it seems as if I am in a fog until that warm cup of coffee touches my lips. I can honestly say that I am addicted to this caffeinated beverage. The intoxicating scent helps open my eyes and get me energized and motivated for the rest of the day. Caffeine is not the only component that I am obsessed with; I am also addicted to the flavor of coffee, particularly the savory flavor of Starbucks coffee. We live in the great city of New York and unlike many other cities, we get to experience a variety of coffee shops, cafà ©s, or restaurants with cosmopolitan coffee. We have the choice of a huge variety of different types of coffee as well, whereas other countries have their individual coffee tradit ions. For example, the Turks enjoy their coffee strong, dark and sweet, with the grounds settling at the bottom of the cup. Cubans like an espresso brewed with sugar and the French simply like a cafà © au lait. Living in New York we can experience all different kinds of coffees, but Starbucks made drinking coffee pretty universal. You can visit any Starbucks cafà © in any country and get your favorite drink the way you like it. Even the atmosphere in the cafà © will be the same. Every day or every other day I walk a few blocks from my building to go grocery shopping, walk out of the gym, or visit a few store. I can walk to my various tasks in several different directions, however, I take one route each time because I know that route leads to that lovely, aromatic shop with the well-known circular sign on the glass window, featuring twin-tailed crowned mermaid. I can stop in on my way to completing my tasks or on the way back from completing them. The strong bitter aroma of ground coffee beans drifted in the air welcoming me as I open the coffee shop door. The redolence is intoxicating. When you walk in the Starbucks coffee shop the amazing aroma of coffee beans being brewed creates a smell so wonderful you can almost taste your steamed cup of coffee or flavored drink; even before you have the drink in your h and. The cashier in the traditional green apron of Starbucks takes my order, my favorite, caramel macchiato. Then I move to the next counter and wait for my coffee. I hear the sound of bean grinding and segregation. The aroma of the  coffee reaches deep in my nose, so I want to take a deep breath to enjoy awakening, refreshing smell. Once I get my coffee I am on a search for a place to sit. With my warm coffee in hand, I notice the comfortable atmosphere, the orange lighting which gives the shop a soft and warm hue, making the environment cozy, the giant table in the middle for larger groups to gather and share ideas and the smaller tables that are taken by individuals or couples who want to be more intimate. There are also two soft sofas by the glass window that are usually always taken. There is such an atmosphere of comfort and harmony that makes Starbucks is a one kind. Even though Starbucks is always packed it is by no means a noisy place as opposed to other coffee shops that are always loud and obnoxious. The sound of people chatting and laughter blends harmoniously with the background music; yet somehow it blends perfectly. I take a seat and start looking around and the different and in teresting characters in the cafe. These are people who truly enjoy coffee: the man in blue suit with a book on his table and a coffee cup in his hand; the young man in blue jeans and a black hoody with just a cup of coffee; the woman in glasses with her laptop and her coffee on the table; a group of friends chatting with each other, with smiles and coffee on their table. They all appreciate being here and drinking coffee. I take my first sip of coffee and the sweet aroma takes over my senses, the warm smell fills the atmosphere. The smooth freshly steamed milk surfs in my mouth and the drink tastes very dense, sweet and creamy with caramel sauce on the top. It is just perfect. Sometimes I feel that my caramel macchiato could be the perfect companion to a delicate, crisp Blueberry muffin, but the quantity of sugar in both gastronomical delights scares me. Sipping my magically tasty beverage, I think about how little we need to feel peacefully, happy. I like to enjoy my coffee in a relaxing atmosphere. It is a moment when the rest of the world can wait. I look out the window and see the people on the streets rushing around, while sitting in the soft chair with a cup of coffee in my hand. Maybe that is why it is called â€Å"coffee break†. I love the experience itself. Even though usually I don’t drink more than one cup of coffee a day, but sometimes I just want to taste caramel macchiato in the end of the day as a delicious sweet reward for being good and productive during the day. Even just smelling coffee could make me less stressed. For me, coffee equates  happiness, comfort, coziness, good mood, clear thinking and something warm that comes from the heart. It energizes you and puts smile on your face and when it happens you can share your good energy with everyone around you. I would even say that everything good starts with a good cup of coffee.

Article Review of Half Defense Positive Accounting Research

This report discusses research paper on the half a defense positive accounting research. Positive accounting research is the research to test the positive accounting theory. Watts and Zimmerman state that the contract between parties in different organizations leads the accounting to be emerged. The scientific research is called to be positive accounting research when the non rational elements of human behavior cause accounting. Along with this, the main aims this report is to analyze the phenomena of the accounting research. The main aim of the research paper was to analyze the positive accounting research in intellectual project in scientific research with a view to identify the cause and effect relationship in the world. The report will include the critical argument on ontology and epistemology, research methodology used in the article, hypothesis set out in the paper, and hypothesis testing with recommendation provided in the article. The main focus of the report is to identify t he cause and effect relationship in accounting. The article is focused on the review of epistemological and ontological hypothesis of the intellectual project to understand and gain insight into the deficiencies and importance of positive accounting research. This article analyzes and discusses Positive Accounting Theory. It compares two different theories positive accounting theory and normative accounting theory to identify the best one theory. It assesses the development of Positive Accounting Theory and puts in comparison with three standard account of science Lakatos, Kuhn, and Popper. This article demonstrates that rather positive Accounting Theory comprises of elements of all the three standards of science however methodological status of the Positive Accounting Theory does not fit any of three fully. Along with this, the article found that development of Positive Accounting Theory characterized normal science over the decades by Kuhn. This article aims to identify that how the current accounting research practices are below to whatever required conducting the research successfully. It also assesses two aspects epistemology and ontology of the positive research. Along with this, the article shows that Watts and Zimmerman devised a term Positive Accounting Theory for their theory of accounting. Along with this, the epistemology and ontology of the research programs of positive accounting have been examined. This paper identified that positivist research programs are very effective and powerful, however due to some deficiencies in the research practices it losing its value. This paper identified that casually development of theoretical models, dully reliance of research on the rational of hypothesis testing, no interest in the quantitative parametrical values, and analysis of qualitative data using theories exist. Different competing theories should be tested comparatively to ensure the critical qualitative research. According to this paper, the positive research in accounting is not able to attain scientific objectives of the research. However, normal science defined by Kuhn is best suited to the positive research in accounting than actual science. Apart from this, the article devised some suggestion such as better theoretical model for positive accounting research, better measurement of the theoretical models, and shifting the focus to anticipation of the parameters from testing the formed hypothesis. There are following working hypothesis made in this paper. These hypotheses are These hypotheses were developed based on the understanding and knowledge gained by the researcher from the literature review. The researcher did not assert for the hypothesis and revealed the general agreed explanation that the living being outside the world intervene in the world that causes the events in the world. In this paper, theoretical framework has been used to conduct the qualitative positive research of accounting. This paper includes theoretical framework that defines the hypothesis, data collection, hypothesis testing, how the existing theories are falsified and proved, research approach, philosophy, and other research methods and methodologies for the qualitative and quantitative positive accounting research program. The epistemology, ontology and research methods are the part of interpretive research paradigm. Positive accounting research is the testing of the positive accounting theory. According to Watts and Zimmerman, implied or express contract between parties in the different kinds of organization and the rational in their self interest may cause accounting. The positive accounting theory carries choice for managers, auditors’ decision for reporting and pricing, politicians and regulators’ decision regarding accounting standards, expert advice, and various other phenomena of accounting. Some kinds of accounting researches assess the human behavior without considering the rationality and self interest of the parties. Thus, the positive accounting research is broader than the positive accounting theory. This may be called as scientific accounting research as the non-rational elements of the human behavior cause the phenomena of accounting. Positive accounting research is just different from the accounting research. Ontology states that the knowledge developed by the contextual and social understanding of the accounting. At the same time, epistemology aspect of the interpretivist paradigm states that how does one get to know about the worldview of a person. The positive accounting research is interpretivist research pursuing some of the question such as what, why, when, and how to develop the contextual understanding of the research topic or problem. The world does not object the nature of the persons consisted of their role, practices, relationships, and conducts. The events or contract between parties may be without following any rational aspects. The self interest as recited above should comprise of the experience gained by the social actor or person and the meaning he or she gives to his or her life and acts. Both of the elements of self interest give the sense of the subjectivity but they form an objective reality during the social interaction process among parties. Due to the logical difficulties between ontological and epistemological aspects of positive accounting research, the positive research programs are futile as they aims at developing the objective understanding of the factors causing phenomena of accounting.   The ontology here has defined the reality of the social interaction between human beings and epistemology has defined that how the research can discover the meaning behind the activities and events took place. The research asks open questions rather than close ending questions to know about the viewpoints of the persons. The researcher decides about the questions to be asked from the participants. The manager controls over the research through the budgetary system. The key problem has to be identified for furthering the research process. It may be that the positive epistemology and ontology are not correct but they cannot be said illogical and absurd.   Methodology is the third element of the research paradigm. The methodology states that methods used in the research. The methodology used in the article given below: Research philosophy and research approach: The interpretivist research philosophy has been used in this paper to discover the causes of accounting phenomenon without non rational assumptions. The researcher used some questions such as what, why, when, and how regarding the relationship between positive and interpretive accounting research as that between humanity and science. At the same time, here inductive approach was used to prove the theories. Inductive approach has been used to gather the qualitative data to test the cause and effect relation between human behavior and accounting. The research design is the types of research to be used for solving the problem. The research design may be of two types such as quantitative research and qualitative research. The qualitative research has been conducted using inductive approach to gather the huge data regarding positive accounting research in organizations. The qualitative research methods include interview, narrative, observation, case study, ethnography, and others. Here the researcher has used qualitative research to test the theories. The qualitative research is used to test whether the nature of reality which is socially framed is not an insuperable issue, and is there a difficulty in observation of the corporate directors’ social world than the same of the wolf. The survey has been used to know the human behavior in the group.   Survey is the method in which the information about behavior of the human in organizations is gathered through asking some question or observation. There are some steps of the Poppers theory that should be followed while testing the theories. This process includes four steps which are The Popper’s criterion may not be falsified and disapproved because many of the assumption are decided theoretically so falsification of that prediction does not show the assumption which is actually wrong. At the same time, the testing of hypothesis by the observation is not the scientific research therefore the Popper’ criterion cannot be disproved. The observation cannot help in measuring a single theory but in case of two or more theories the observation might be selected. A decisive observation can disapprove the theories which are incorrect but at the same time it would have to support to the competing theories or theory.   The qualitative accounting research fails in solving the question whether theory of Foucault is applicable in situation of the adoption of the strategic system approach in auditing and whether the application technology of self devised by Foucault to ensure the compliance by front line auditors is an empirical question or not. The theoretical frameworks used are assertion that leads the failure of the qualitative accounting research.   The paper provided includes some recommendation for effective positive research programs. A specific vulnerable model should be utilized with carefully entering the variables in model for mathematical measurement. Analytical modeling of the theoretical models to effectively test the theoretical prediction should be. In accounting research, the researcher should develop a theoretical model accordingly that may support in collection, validation and analysis of data. The main focus of the research should be on the measurement rather than testing. The measurement supports in developing the conceptual understanding. This paper identified that gap between positive accounting research programs and requirements to make it more effective for contributing in intellectual programs. This limitation affects the significance of the article. Improper selection of the research methods leads to ineffective research and testing of the theories that leads to incorrect consequences. These limitations put impact on the quality of the article and its contribution. The scientific research hypothesis set out the researchers was not accepted by the Kuhn theory. The article focuses on the Kuhn theory which is not accepted by other most of the scientists. From the above analysis, it can be concluded that the report defined the topic of the paper, hypothesis, theoretical framework of the research elements such as ontology and epistemology, research philosophy, research approach, research design, and data collection methods. It is found that the qualitative research is not able to addressing the research question related to the positive accounting research and positive accounting theory. There is some suggestion provided for the effective positive accounting research. The critical analysis in the paper has implication on the positive accounting research programs. The analysis suggested some recommendation that may help in improving the positive accounting research. Dunmore, P. (2009) Half a Defence of Positive Accounting Research. Retrieved from https://www.massey.ac.nz/~pvdunmor/HalfaDefence.pdf

Human resources management Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Human resources management - Research Paper Example This also includes the employees’ need for training and development so that they may be able to customize their skills as per the need of McDonald’s. 2. Advancement in technology MacDonald’s needs to train its workforce to not only update them on the latest technologies in the food manufacturing industry, but also inculcate the necessary skills in them to use those technologies in the best interest of the company. 3. Regulatory changes Change at McDonald’s is inevitable. Things have been constantly changing both within McDonald’s and in the external factors influencing McDonald’s since the company has been established. These factors include but are not limited to the laws and regulations, politics, economics, and the lifestyle of people in general. For example, the new laws may oblige McDonald’s to keep the calorie count in the kids’ meal below a certain threshold. In this case, the employees would need to be trained to follow t he alternate menu with low calorie-count. 4. Organizational changes The need to training and develop of the workforce does not only arise from technological reasons. The environmental factors play a prime role in the ability of an organization to achieve the competitive advantage. One such factor is the organizational change. As McDonald’s is an international corporation, and the company feels the need to relocate its workers at different restaurants around the globe, there is a constant change happening in the organizational structure. The employees need to be trained in order to enable them to adjust to the organizational changes immediately without losing their efficiency because of such factors as change of the leader. Q. 3 Part (b) Comparison of the Responsibilities of Human Resource Specialists and Other Managers in the Administration of the Employees’ Compensations Responsibilities of human resource specialists Responsibilities of human resource specialists are: 1. The human resource specialists participate in the development of budget. So they may advise on the increase of compensation of a specific employee considering his/her exceptional performance. 2. The human resource specialists represent the official at the meetings, so they can openly discuss the compensation related issues of the employees in meetings. 3. The human resource specialists conduct interviews of the interested candidates, so they play a decisive role in the establishment of the employee’s salary. Responsibilities of other managers Other managers include but are not limited to the Finance Manager and the General Manager. Responsibilities of other managers are: 1. The responsibility of the Finance Manager is to make sure that all employees are paid on time. 2. Another responsibility of the Finance Manager is to keep a record of all payments made to a certain employee so that the record may be referred to in the hour of need. 3. The responsibility of the General Manager is to provide funds to the company to make the cash flow cycle going so that no compensation issues arise. Q. 4 Part (a) Implementation of Safety Management Program at McDonald’s Six elements that McDonald’

Mmigration in the US Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Mmigration in the US - Essay Example Still women are not better off than men when it comes to migrating. It is easy for men to socialize and settle due to their nature. They can compromise on many things like privacy and cleanliness. Many men can stay together in a small place together. The same is extremely difficult for a woman. She has needs of privacy therefore cannot just stay anywhere. She also needs safety as she cannot defend herself. The treatment of a lonely female is not very well in many societies. All in all the needs of women are different than that of men and therefore they find it difficult to migrate as compared to men. Women, if coming from a culture where they are not treated equally to a host country where laws are much more developed, may still not be better off than men, at least in the beginning. The cultural shock is something that a woman has to face when migrating in a new country. The customs and traditions are different and they may cause discomfort for a woman. Men on the other hand can adju st to such changes rather easily. In today’s world there has been seen a surge in demand for female labor and this is attracting women to migrate. According to the latest trends women are migrating independently to support their families (Oishi, 1). The overall labor market has gone through many changes. In developed countries today husband and wife both are working and this creates a demand for migrants Nannies. This is one of the reasons behind increase in women migration. Female migration is increasing but it is still safe to say that women are at the losing end. This is because most women that migrate come from poor background and desperately need money for their families. This increases the social position of the family and of women but internal happiness of women is compromised. She is mostly living away from her child or her family. It is important to note here that women migrate when they have reached the mature ages. They are born in a culture where families live tog ether closely. They come from a collectivist background where family is more important than an individual. These women when migrate to developed world are not comfortable in working individually. They are only doing it out of necessity not by choice. This takes the toll on the personal life of a woman and therefore she has more to lose than a man. Men even in collectivist society enjoy power and freedom to a certain extent therefore they are better off when migrating. Part 2 When adopting policies for immigrants countries first have to understand the possible issues that immigrants face in the host country. After an understating of these issues appropriate measures can be suggested. Most of the immigrants travel to the host countries for earning more money and living a better lifestyle. Immigrants identify needs that cannot be met in their home countries and therefore they migrate to other countries. The main reason for migration is financial in nature. Most immigrants are poor ther efore they are willing to work at lower rates because of the difference in exchange rates. Earning for example $3 an hour is more than enough for a person to finance his whole family in Nigeria. This is where state should intervene because immigrants are not aware of their rights in the new country. State has to protect immigrants from possible exploitation of business owners. For this purpose state can open special centers for immigrants that can keep

Nature vs. Nurture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Nature vs. Nurture - Essay Example s relating to the surfacing and control of behavior, but neither side sufficiently explains many of the more complicated behavior seen in the myriad of diverse species present on this earth, including humans. (Long, 2003, p. 29) Many behaviors have strong learning components, and others seen not at all influenced by experiential factors. The recent view in developmental biology suggests that the emergence of simple and complex behaviors is a result of interplay between gene expression, pre- and post-birth development, and environmental influences, including, but not limited to, sensory experience (Long, 2003, p 31) Although the beginning of life takes place in the womb, once the child begins to breath on his or her own (some would say even before), the dance between nurture and nature begins to take place. Bronfenbrenner’s ecological theory clearly explains the connection and relationship among living things and the environment they experience. He sates that personality and change are proximal interrelated processes, â€Å"These are reciprocal interactions between an ‘active, evolving, biopsychological human organism and the persons, object, and symbols in its immediate external environment’† (Broderick & Blewitt, 2006, p. 14). His model illustrates how social influences impacts human survival and one’s ability to thrive and reproduce. Human development is inseparable from the environmental contexts in which a child develops. His study illustrates how the four levels of environmental influence (microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem macrosystem ) impacts the full range of human development including mentally, psychologically, emotionally as well as socially. (Vander Zandan, 2000, p. 181-183). However, knowledge that is displayed at birth is most likely to be innate. Most mammalian infants have instinctive behaviors to seek out warmth, and sustenance. A human infant will be able to imitate expressions, such as a smile or sticking out their tongue in mirror

Health Insurance - Obama Care Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Health Insurance - Obama Care - Essay Example The law was meant to eliminate the current pre-existing health conditions in the state, stop the insurance companies from getting rid of the customers when they fall sick, protect any form of gender discrimination that exists in the healthcare industry and expand on the existing preventive services and health benefits available (Noonan). Furthermore, the law stipulates that big organizations insure all their employees, create a subsidised insurance in order to lower the cost of insurance and consequently reduce the cost of healthcare spending and the discrepancy. As much as the idea was taken well by many, this was not the case with everyone. This is especially so with the religious community, which believed that the law raised many controversies in terms of the morals and ethics of the religious groups. This was in relation to the laws of the birth control mandate. The ObamaCare plan requires that all for-profit employer’s health plan to provide insurance for up to twenty contraception methods. Among the twenty contraception methods, five of them in the eyes of the religious community was viewed as a form of abortion or sterilization. The basis the religious leaders used in their defence was the Religious Freedom Restoration Act, which was passed in 1993 (Tate, 106). The statute merely stipulated that if the government at any point interferes in any way with the free exercise of religion, it must narrowly alter its regulations to serve a persuasive concern and inflict the least â€Å"oppressive† option. Most religions are against the idea of the use of contraceptives, especially in an instance when the mod e of contraception seems to be a form of taking away life. This, therefore, necessitated the need for the law to be adjusted such that it suits the needs of everyone in the community.   Consequently, the Health and Human Services was forced to make an exemption for churches from the mandate, which implied that religious non-profits were allowed to apply for quasi-exemption from the rule.

Mies van der Rohe and Oscar Niemeyer - Structural Grid Versus White Research Paper

Mies van der Rohe and Oscar Niemeyer - Structural Grid Versus White Architecture Sculptures - Research Paper Example He became a master stonemason at nineteen years. He worked at the art nouveau architect and furniture design that belonged to Bruno Paul. He received the first commission to design a house belonging to a philosopher when he was twenty years. He started working for Peter Behrens in 1908. He studied architecture of Karl Friedrich Schikel and Frank Lloyd Wright. In 1912 Mies opened his own office in Berlin. He studied skyscraper and designed two glass towers made of steel-frames for a competition. This foreshadowed his skyscraper designs of the 1940s and 1950s (Wintle, 2002, p 32). Ludwig van der rohe actively participated in several avant-garde groups like ‘Zehner ring’ and the Novembergruppe that championed modern art and architecture. He contributed to major architectural philosophies of the 1920s when he was the artist director of the Weissenhoff project. This was a model housing colony in Stuttgart where he managed to design a block together with other leading European architects of the time. In 1927, Mies designed the German pavilion in Barcelona which became his most famous buildings. The Barcelona pavilion hall was flat roofed with walls made of marble and glass and could be moved around. This brought the first concept of fluid space. Mies met Philip Johnson, a New York architect who championed him to architectural fame in the United States. Philip included some of Mies projects in the MoMas first architectural exhibition in 1932. He became the director of the Bauhaus School between 1930 and 1933 and then relocated to the States in 1937. He headed the department of architecture at the Armour institute of Technology in Chicago, (now Illinois Institute of technology). He designed a new campus for the school using refined steel and glass style (Thomas, 2010). After becoming an American citizen, Mies designed the Farnsworth house. The house was transparent and supported by eight steel columns. The interior consisted of a single room subdivided by partitions of glass. He developed the convention hall in 1953 and later the twin towers in Chicago. The twin towers skyscrapers were a realization of his dream of building skyscrapers using glass and steel. He built other high-rises in New York Detroit, Toronto and Chicago. However the Seagram building in New York was voted as the work of genius in skyscraper design. He achieved the ‘Order pour le Merite’ from Germany in 1959. He was acknowledged with the â€Å"Presidential Medal of Freedom† by the US government. He was invited to Berlin to design the New National gallery. This building was the culmination of his life-long vision of an exposed structure connecting the interior to the landscape. It was also his last design before his death on the 17th August, 1969. Traditionalism to Modernism Before World War I, Mies was a traditionalist who designed traditional custom homes. However, the traditional styles were already under heavy criticism from the progressive t heorist. According to these opponents traditional architecture was first and foremost non-progressive. The emerging technology of the modern time demanded its presence in the lives and architecture. However, traditional architecture was blamed for hiding the modern construction under the shallow

The Transportation Sustainability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Transportation Sustainability - Essay Example In Who Killed the Electric Car?, various factors were identified in the collapse of an idea that once seemed to be a step forward in reaching green technology, while in Fuel, there are many contemplations on what possible troubles could appear in the process of embracing renewable fuel sources (mostly biodiesel) and how such obstacles can be overcome by people, particularly those who choose to be advocates for the environment. After watching the films, the issues and conflicts concerned with resolving the issues on sustainable transportation will become apparent to viewers, and it will be up to them on whether or not they will push themselves to understand further the points taken and not mentioned in these films for them to understand the true meanings of the problems that the filmmakers wanted the public to understand, or at least acknowledge the existence of. First is the documentary about the rise and fall of electric cars in the State of California. This film shows how various p layers in the automobile and petroleum industry caused the demise of an idea that might have been a better option to conserve the environment and introduce the idea of renewable energy sources for many consumers. For about two decades there have been major developments in the creation of successful car engines running on electricity, and these cars had lesser emission of noxious gases due to the lack of an internal combustion engine that most gas-powered vehicles normally rely on (â€Å"Who Killed the Electric Car†). Aside from the fact that the State of California has been having health issues due to having the highest smog rates in the whole nation, there had been higher than normal cases of children having respiratory issues that become chronic conditions as they age, and these were tied up to the excessive pollutants in the air. In trying to overcome these, the state government challenged automobile makers to mitigate this problem, and they replied with the creation of va rious electric vehicles for customers. Initially this initiative shows signs of success however the problems with regards to conflicts of interest emerged when a decade after successfully letting electric vehicles run in the roads the state government was sued not just by automobile makers but also by the federal government (â€Å"Who Killed the Electric Car†). A few years after, electric cars were pulled out from the streets and from the customers by the very same companies that initially sold them, causing frustration at the seemingly backward stance of both the state and federal government in the course of finding sustainable and renewable energy resources. The film would later reveal the factors that were causal in letting go of such a promising kind of technology. Apart from the fact that conflict of interests were observed among policy-makers as most of them were connected to or were formerly connected with

A doll's house research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

A doll's house research - Essay Example The roles of women in the family and society are clearly reflected in the play which even today, are obviously evident. The treatment of women, the common conceptions of their roles and how they are supposed to act in accordance to norms; are well criticized by Ibsen. The writer successfully reflects how Victorian society always placed women unequal with men and unemotional by defining their roles in the family and society. This interesting characterization of women will be criticized even more deeply in this paper, looking at the main characters of the play and focusing mainly on the theme on feminism by showing how Nora is treated by her father and her husband. Feminism concerns itself with the quest of women being equal with the leading gender. It exposes the anxieties and worries of women in circumstances which men often find as trifles and suggests that women are as capable as men are in many ways than simple household chores. ‘A Doll’s House’ is a typical example of a drama which exposes the dehumanization of female characters who take beyond normal steps than the social set-up. It is common knowledge that women have long been perceived to be the person who must be in charge of household chores and the raising of children while men should do the â€Å"difficult† tasks such as bringing food on the table. Raising kids and doing household chores, crocheting and sewing have always been considered as easy, light and feminine jobs. Nevertheless, behind this circumstance are more important things that matter most to women and that is what they often fight for instead. Nora’s dialogue â€Å"I am first and for emost a human being just as much as one as you are† (Ibsen), is a powerful statement reflecting the woes of women. Oftentimes, due to their perceived roles at home, women are rather considered inferiors who should follow their husbands’ demands and please them; not regarding that they, too, are people who have

Balance Sheets for the four quarters Essay Example for Free

Balance Sheets for the four quarters Essay To evaluate how I utilized both budgets and pro-formas to ensure the adequacy of funds for providing production capacity that was needed to achieve the businesses goals. I want to first start with the definition of both pro-forma and budget; A budget is a basic idea that covers more than a few areas, all in all its a financial plan that is made to control costs for operations and results. It can be expressed in a multitude of numerical terms, it also can cover a certain period of time, short, intermediate and long term goals. A pro-forma is also a financial statement but it is prepared based upon assumptions of specific events and transactions that will hopefully occur in the Future, so basically a projected estimate using historical data to form a hypothesis of A financial outcome. The importance of both the pro-forma and budget were huge. Knowing going into the simulation how much seed money was going to be issued and how much additional money was coming in future investments, gave me an idea of how aggressive or conservative I could be. I was able to to set with an initial idea of how much I could spend for each factor needed moving forward. I was able to understand how much to market, how much to hire and how much I could afford for each of these tasks, as well as how much was coming into pay for future marketing and hires. Without advertising there are no customers, without a good sales and service staff there are no sales, or an ability to take care of the customer. In the opening quarter of the company I had a 2 million dollar start-up fund. My upfront expenses were approximately $530,000. I also chose to invest in a 3 month CD about $880,000, I made sure in my first endeavor to keep money available and not to over indulge. I took similar approaches going into each additional quarter; thereafter I wouldreview what was spent and estimate what was coming in and at that point I would hire more employees, adjust and raise benefits and increase marketing. My sales force and marketing expenses doubled from quarter two to quarter three and rose another 49 percent from quarter three to quarter four. These two factors in my opinion are the biggest of a profitable company, as sales and marketing grow and increase your company will thrive. At the end of each quarter I would review the results in these areas and make assessments on how much additional advertising I needed based upon sales numbers of the individual computers Mercedes and the Traveler. Based upon production and the competition I would review to see if I was going to increase the sales force and the compensation plan. The overall outcome of both areas had my company in NWL as the top employers at 83 out of a maximum 84 Score; also in regards to marketing effectiveness in NWL my company had a 92 out of a 97 maximum Score thats how I used the budget and pro-forma to help NWL achieve its goals. B.2. To evaluate how I employed Just In Time or JIT and Lean Operations to improve operating efficiency in my manufacturing facility, again as part of moving forward I want to define these two strategies before I explain how I use them. A) Just In Time or JIT is a production strategies to improve a business return on investment ROI by reducing in-process inventory as well as the associated carrying cost. This is done by only receiving goods as they are needed in the overall process, this helps cut overall inventory costs. B) Lean Operations simply supplies a customer with exactly what the customer needs when and only when the customer wants it without waste with this constant improvement, the emphasis and focus is on understanding the customer. Both JIT and Lean Operations can help with the overall increase of return on investment or ROI. In regards to how my simulation for NWL worked with these strategies, I would say in NWL ran overly Lean to a fault. I ran my operation capacity at 65 and my fixed capacity at 75 which was the second lowest of my competitors on both accounts. This was a huge negative for my company since it cost me over 2100 in lost sales. This would have increased my sales by approximately 33 percent which would have lowered the overall production costs and increase profits. I finished number 2 in sales with thehighest average price of computer. With a 33 percent increase in sales had I run a better production operation I would have had a lager profitability for a already profitable simulation. I did not key into the right places when I reviewed the early production numbers which cost me when it came to changing Operating and Fixed Capacities. I was overly cautious and my end result was indicative of this and caused big loses for NWL. B.3. Work Cells vs Traditional Straight Line Production. A Work Cell is defined to be a arrangement of machines and personnel that focuses on making a single product or family related products. Traditional Straight Line Production Is the standard assembly line style of manufacturing. Work may start in one department until that phase is complete. Then the product moves onto the next department for the next phase and the next and so on. The major difference between the two is efficiency and cost differentials. In a work cell method there are a multitude of benefits, from a reduction in work area needed, speed of production completion and number of associates needed just to name a few. All of which are in line with the thought process of JIT and Lean Operations which in turn increases ROI (return on investment). Five distinct advantages in the work cell vs the assembly line (1)Tasks are grouped, therefore inspections can be immediate. (2)Fewer workers are needed because of cross training. (3)The workers can access more of the work area. (4)Work areas are more efficiently balanced. (5)Enhanced communication based upon the shape of the work cell. These advantages can help lead to fewer employees reaching higher production numbers. Which in the simulation could have led to smaller start-up companies making more cost efficient production goals happen along with how well a micro computer company could make a work cell arrangement payoff positively. B.4. Evaluation of decisions involving inventory management in the Marketplace Simulation Inventory is defined as raw materials, work-in-progress goods and completely finished goods that are considered to be the portion of the businesses assets that are ready or will be ready for sale. Inventory represents one of the most important assets that most companies possess, because the turnover of inventory represents one of the primary sources of revenue generation and subsequent earnings for the company. In the marketplace simulation NWL was not very successful at inventory management in the attempt to run Just-in-Time (JIT) and Lean Operations, I ended up with sold out product and a enormous loss in sales. The lost sales totaled 50 percent of the total sales, which meant there could have been an additional 33 percent positive sales increase if the inventory was managed properly. These were losses of 1000 Travelers units and 1103 Mercedes units, those totals losses of $3,312,730 in gross profit. That was based upon the final sales and not taking into account any production savings by the increased sales volume. That could have increased gross profit by a minimum of 47 percent, if I had it to do over again paying more attention to the inventories would have been a possible windfall. B.5. A continuous improvement program that could have been used to improve and achieve quality assurance goals could have been either Employee Empowerment or Bench-marking. Employee Empowerment involves employees in every step of the production process. Employees are on the front lines and know what is going on in every aspect and on all fronts. If employees find problems they can fix them or help fix them. Whom better in handling an issue then the ones most familiar with the process, if a shortcoming is found an experienced a periodic quality circle can address it. Its been proven that most quality issues are either material or the process, its not usually the employees performance. If a Bench-marking program were to be implemented, the first step would be to established what the benchmark would be. Examples of which are; Percentage of Defects, Cost per unit processing time, Lost sales due to Out-of-Stocks and Customer Satisfaction Rates. If these type of factors were used in my situation, I would have used either Lost sales due to Out-of-Stocks or Customer Satisfaction Rates. mainly because I would have found out possibly a better way of keeping product in stock which could have reduced lost sales as well as a negative customer satisfaction due to no product. The benchmark team can find out what and how benchmark partners were doing to achieve their sales goals by tracking and keeping product stock, whereas to assure customer satisfaction. Then we could analyze the data from the partners and take the appropriate steps to move beyond and keep the process continually improving. C. Sources Investopedia (2013) A Division of ValueClick â€Å"www.investopedia.com†

Personal Philosophy Essay Example for Free

Personal Philosophy Essay Educational philosophy is sometimes referred to as the immediate objectives of education. Immediate objectives on the other hand are purposes which a subject at a given time must aim to achieve through the courses of study or the curriculum. Its aims constitute a very important aspect of the total education. They are more specific and they can be accomplished in a shorter period of time, maybe a day or a week. These, too, are considered goals of specialization. This study aims to develop an educational philosophy and relate its important to one’s classroom teaching. Role of the teacher. The life of the teacher everywhere is full of responsibility. The teacher should recognize that the welfare and interest of the child is the principal objective of his profession. The school is for the children and the teacher’s first thought should be for them. At least during the time the pupils are in the school the teacher stands for the parents. The teacher should guard the health, moral, and well-being of the pupils with intelligent care. He should also be alert to discover physical defects of his pupils, and prompt to inform and interest the parents so that relief may be offered. Curriculum. Through the years, schools have taken on many new subjects without dropping old subjects. Schools must relinquish subjects that can be learned readily outside the school system and should be child-friendly and child-centered school. It should provide a variety of programs to meet the special interests and talents of the students. The Child. The child is the center of the matter. The teacher must know the nature of the child to be motivated, directed, guided, and evaluated. To understand the child, the teacher must know him as a biological organism with needs, abilities, and goals. He must know the social and psychological environment of the child and the cultural forces of which the child is a part. The behavior of the child at any given moment is the result of biological environment factors operating simultaneously. The child behaves as he does because he is a human being with needs and motives, and because he is surrounded by environmental and cultural forces which determine his behavior, these needs and motives shall be met. Methods of Education. The literature on the subject of teaching generally makes no distinction between method of teaching and technique of teaching. Writing on educational theory and practice has presented different classroom procedures as methods of teaching/education or techniques of teaching. These two terms have different meanings and values, but both are integrated in any teaching and learning situation. The method of education covers the psychological processes involved in learning, and the technique of teaching covers the use of devices and the application of principles in teaching in order to effect the proper development of the individual student. In addition, method relates to the learning performance rather than to the teaching performances, and method of education involves steps to guide the mental processes (Demiashkevich 43-48). Aims of Education. The philosophical aims of education require all public and private schools in this country to pursue, in the development of every child, regardless of color, creed, or social status. All educational institutions shall aim to inculcate love of country, teach the duties of citizenship, and develop moral character, personal discipline, and scientific, technological, and vocational efficiency. The study of the Constitution shall be part of the curricula in all schools (Peterson, pp. 64-69). The State shall provide citizenship and vocational training to adult citizens and out-of-school youth, and create and maintain scholarship for poor and deserving students. Moreover, philosophy of education is one of the major ground bases of education as field of profession; hence, focused study of such condition is essential. The case study involves the subjects of philosophical perspective of education linked with the condition of determining the future trends of the system. Utilizing five aspects of contributing factors, such as standards of teaching, bilingual education, cultural diversities, special education and the public policies, we shall determine the possible implications of such factors in professional philosophy of education. As a conclusion, as for the philosophy of education, and the continuity of learning and the aspects of continuous teaching without regards to any exceptions as incurred by the society, divine law, and human rights. Every minority with no considerations to race, gender, and possibly realistic health conditions should be deprived with education. The philosophy of education involves the general principle of conducting education as a means of providing universal treatment for the development implicated in a universal perspective. Furthermore, the philosophy of education, on the perspective of professionalism, involves that the educator must also be under the said umbrella of development and continuous learning despite of the governed tasks of teaching. Reference: Demiashkevich, Michael (2003). An Introduction to the Philosophy of Education. Pp. 43- 48American Book. New York. Peterson, Michael L. (2000). Philosophy of Education: Issues and Options. Pp. 64-69, InterVarsity Press. Downers Grove, IL.

Overview of Negative Effects of Stress

Overview of Negative Effects of Stress Santelices, Marian R. There are negative effects of stress in the emotional, mental, and physical state Introduction â€Å"Chronic stress floods the brain with powerful hormones that are meant for short-term emergency situations. Chronic exposure can damage, shrink, and kill brain cells (Wallenstein, 2003).† Stress can affect an individual’s health leading to an array of diseases that affects the mental, emotional and physical well-being of an individual and can result to emotional, mental, and physical illnesses. Discussion Negative effects of stress in the emotional state Emotion and motivation are often tied with each other. Our actions are often motivated with emotions. Emotions are made up of four integral components: physiological arousal, cognitive processes, behavioral reactions, and affect. In Plutchik’s Emotion Wheel, it is said that there are eight primary human emotions that are made up of four pairs of opposites: acceptance and disgust, fear and anger, surprise and anticipation, sadness and joy. According to the James-Lange theory, physiological responses are triggered by the environmental stimuli from the viscera and muscle movements. Recent evidence has shown that emotions are almost the same but not alike with physiological changes. Yet, there is a little evidence showing that people can determine patterns of muscular and physiological stress. The Schachter-Singer theory is the combination of both James-Lange and Cannon-Bard theories. According to Schachter-Singer theory, there is a double cognitive interpretation where emotions r ely: Appraisal of the emotion-causing event and evaluation of physiological process in our bodies. Solomon and Corbit’s opponent-process theory suggests that when an emotional balance is disrupted, an opponent-process activates to restore balance in one’s emotional state. Prolonged exposure to stimuli weakens the initial emotional reaction (Parker and Ettinger, 2010a). Stress and emotion has a powerful relationship. According to Selye’s observation that if stress is not reduced, third state of exhaustion will be entered by organisms, showing signs of tear and wear, and prone to diseases. (Parker and Ettinger, 2010b). Stress can lead to dysfunction. It may result in depression or anxiety. Feeling depressed is a common reaction towards stress. If these symptoms are temporary, it may be the reflection of the ups and downs in life. However, if stress is prolonged, it can lead to psychological problems. Physiological and psychological conditions when anxiety and stress is not treated early: phobias, anxiety disorder, amnesia, and multiple personality (Bressert, 2006). The connection between mood and stress is complicated. Stress is linked with mood and health. People with low self-esteem and social relationship problems are prone to have an increase in somatic and psychological problems. Mood disturbance and illness is a result of people with low psychosocial support (DeLongis, Folkman, and Lazarus, 1988). Negative effects of stress in the mental state The University of California, Berkeley, researchers demonstrated that chronic stress produces changes in the brain that explains the reason why people experiencing chronic stress are likely to experience mental problems early in life such as mood disorders and anxiety. Doctors know that people with illnesses that are related to stress have brain abnormalities, including the differences between the amount of white matter and gray matter. Neurons which keep and process information and support cells is called Glia and is what gray matter is made up of. On the other hand, white matter is made up of axons that have network of fibers that interconnect neurons. The white fatty myelin sheath surrounding the axon is where white matter got its name. Daniela Kaufer, UC Berkeley associate professor of integrative biology, her colleagues, together with graduate students Aaron Freidman and Sundari Chetty, found out that chronic stress creates big number of myelin-producing cells and small number o f neurons than normal. Excess myelin and white matter make changes to the communication and balance in the brain. (Chetty, Friedman, Lahn, Kirby, Mirescu, Guo,†¦and Kaufer, 2014). Mental responses to stress include distractibility, unable to concentrate, depression, irritability, and anger (Parker and Ettinger, 2010c). Negative effects of stress in the physical state Research established that stress leads to health disorders including traumatic events. The impacts of trauma in the psychological are long term and immune for treatments. The psychological impact of trauma leads to physical illness. The physiological arousal triggers the disabling of functioning. In consequence, an individual cannot return to baseline activities such as occupational and social functioning. Trauma can damage one’s physical and psychological functioning (Andrea, Sharma, Zelechoski, and Spinazzola, 2011). Response of an individual towards stress may contribute to coronary heart disease. Type A people especially those with aggressive or hostile personality are prone to coronary heart disease that Type B people, who are easygoing, not driven to achieve perfection and are more relaxed. People with Type A behavior are prone to develop hypertension (Parker and Ettinger, 2010d). There are negative effects of stress in the emotional, mental, and physical state Conclusion Prolonged exposure to stress can affect an individual’s health, leading to an array of diseases that affects the cognitive, emotional and physical well-being of an individual, such as, coronary heart disease, depression, moodiness, memory problems and Especially affected is our brain, the hippocampus, which regulates our memory and emotions and how it plays in various emotional disorders with long-lasting changes in brain structure, that are unraveled by researchers. References Parker, M., Ettinger, R.H. (2010). Understanding Psychology (3rd ed.). 410 Hemsted Dr, Redding, CA 96002, United States. BVT Publishing DeLongis, A., Folkman, S., Lazarus, R.S.(1988). The impact of stress on health and mood: Psychological and social resources as mediators. Journal of personality and psychology, Vol. 54(3), 486-495, Retrieved from http://www.apa.org Chetty, S., Friedman, A.R., Taravosh-Lahn, K., Kirby, E.D., Mirescu, C., Guo, F.,†¦Kaufer, D.(2014). Stress and glucocorticoids promote oligodendrogenesis in the adult hippocampus. Molecular Psychiatry 19, 1275-1283. DOI:10.1038/mp.2013.190 Physical Health Problems After SingleTrauma Exposure: When Stress Takes Root in the Body Wendy D’Andrea1, Ritu Sharma2, Amanda D. Zelechoski3, andJoseph Spinazzola4 Andrea, W.D., Sharma, R., Zelechoski, A.D., Spinazzola, J.(2011). Physical Health Problems After SingleTrauma Exposure: When Stress Takes Root in the Body. Journal of the American PsychiatricNurses Association 17(6) 378–392. DOI: 10.1177/1078390311425187 Bressert, S. (2006). The Impact of Stress. Psych Central. Retrieved from http://psychcentral.com/lib/the-impact-of-stress/000104 Wallenstein, Gene. 2003. Mind, Stress, and Emotion: The New Science of Mood. Boston, MA: Commonwealth Press.

Where are we Headed in Cyberculture? Essay -- Computers Technology Ele

Where are we Headed in Cyberculture? According to Sven Birkerts in his essay, Into the Electronic Millennium, â€Å"a change is upon us – nothing could be clearer. The printed word is part of a vestigial order that we are moving away from – by choice and by societal compulsion† (Tribble and Trubek, 63). It is impossible to disagree with this statement given the technological evolutions that have occurred over the years. The availability and preference of what is involved in the change is what is called into question. Although we are moving toward a computer-centered society, I do not believe this change can occur for everyone. There are several factors to consider other than simply the presence of technology. Reflecting on the history of print culture, Birkerts writes that â€Å"the dominant oral culture was overtaken by the writing technology† and the art of physically writing was â€Å"effected in the late fifteenth century after Gutenberg invented moveable type† (63). Naturally, people were wary of accepting such changes because they preferred the old, familiar way of doing things. They liked what they were used to and were proficient at doing. The same is true for people of our day. Students are much more likely to prefer a computer to a book, because we have little to no choice in the matter. All of our work must be complete on a computer and we are required to search scholarly journals within databases to complete research papers. There are a few groups however, who I can imagine are less likely to put down a book and grab a keyboard. First, there is a generational issue to consider. People whose youth came before computers were introduced to the general public probably are not as familiar with them and may be less likely to c... ...is way would not be the preferred method. Coinciding with my belief is Wendy Lesser in her essay, The Conversion, states that she â€Å"wouldn’t want to read a novel or even a ten-page story on e-mail† (228). In summary, yes, I do believe that we are moving towards a more computer-orientated society, but I do not see this change happening for everyone. I will believe a change will be more widely available when the cost of a new computer significantly drops and when the ease of use significantly rises. For those of us who are computer-saavy and who have spent years in front of a computer, we welcome the change and may even wonder what has taken so long, but for those children whose student-to-computer ratio is thirty-five to one, they will dread the day when they will be forced to use something they can not afford and wouldn’t know how to use if they could afford it.

The Study of Anthropology and the Humanities Essay -- exploring the hu

The humanities are a broad multidisciplinary field of study where its disciplines aren’t in just one department. Therefore, studying the humanities correlates to the study of anthropology. Simply put, anthropology is the study of humanity and the origins of human beings. Learning about the humanities can help those studying anthropology because the humanities looks into understanding and exploring the human condition. There is an idea of culture that is used to describe what humans do. Anthropology explores what culture is, how it influences society, and why the idea of culture is important. Studying anthropology also looks into the various cultures around the world and the diversity that makes the human race. A basic concern for anthropologists is what defines human life and its origins. How has the evolutionary past of humans influenced the contemporary culture? Reading R. Crumb’s The Book of Genesis (Illustrated) opens doorways for studying anthropology becau se it looks into the history and beginning of humankind. Studying the humanities relates to the study of anthropology because the graphic novel The Book of Genesis depicts ancient human culture. Crumb’s 2009 graphic novel helps better understand today’s society and comprehend how humans live today. The study of man and civilization connects with other subjects of education because it involves the reasoning for life today. The real effect of Anthropology is rather to lighten than increase the strain of learning (Tylor preface). When a scholar knows of early history, he knows how humankind arose and is able to take a better hold of himself and his own society. For example, if a paleontologist is studying the theory of the how humanity began, a book that depicts anc... ...here is a better comprehension of today. Studying different historical texts provides insight into features of the past which some anthropologists may first find difficult to comprehend or examine. Humanities deal with society and serve as a basis for studies in other fields, like anthropology. Anthropologists use methods in humanities to better understand society, people, and culture. In order to understand such a complex system of people, a history of culture and humanity must be taken into account. Works Cited Crumb, Robert. The Book of Genesis Illustrated by R. Crumb New York: Norton, 2009 Lassiter, Luke E. Invitation to Anthropology. Lanham, MD: AltaMira, 2009. Print. Linton, Ralph. The Study of Man; An Introduction. New York: D. Appleton-Century, 1936. Print. Tylor, Edward B. Anthropology. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan, 1960. Print.

Sophocles Antigone - Antigone as Bad Citizen :: Antigone essays

Antigone – The Bad Citizen    Being a good citizen often involves doing something out of the ordinary to help others. Sometimes, that involves going against the will of others to do what the good citizen might think is best. Although this is traditionally the case, the biggest factor in being a good citizen is great respect for the nation in which one lives. If one wants to be a good citizen, he or she might go out of his or her way to help others, however, must do so within the rules of the nation. In the Greek Drama by Sophocles, entitled Antigone, the hero, Antigone, shows, what I would call, bad citizenship. How is this? Why is she being a bad citizen? The setting of the drama is in a fictional kingdom known of as Thebes. This kingdom is basically run by a set of rules and laws. Whether they are necessary or not, these rules must be obeyed. In Thebes, one of the rules states that Antigone's brother is not allowed to due a respectable death and therefor, will not have a proper funeral. Antigone is torn apart by this. Her brother whom she loved very much will not be able to have a respectable funeral. She explains in the drama how much she disagrees with the rules of the land. Because of this disapproval toward the law, she takes it upon herself to remove the corps of her brother from it's assigned post so she can do whatever she wants with it. She has broken the law. Although what she is has done is the right thing to do in her mind, the law states that it is not allowed. Throughout the drama, she consults her sister, Ismene, about whether or not she feels though she should commit this crime or not. Ismene makes it clear that she sh ould not and attempts to discourage her sister from doing what she did. Contrary to the advice of her sister, Antigone does indeed commit this crime for she feels that it is what a good person would do. To the average American, Antigone's actions might be considered the right thing to do.

American Culture vs Lebanese Culture Essay

History and Geography are the most important factors that shape a given society’s culture; In Lebanon, religions are of great influence on the adopted values and assumptions; some will be discussed in the following to make the point about how history and geography have interfered to shape the Lebanese society as such, and then a comparison with the American values and their historical backgrounds will follow; -Family: being at the heart of the Arab world, where Christianity and Islam were born and spread later to the entire world, Lebanese people practice their religious believes in their different aspects, including those related to the family bounds and relations. Lebanese families have strong tights: the Respect to the Older, the extended kinship networks, the dependence of the Weak on the Strong (when youngsters depend on their parents until they become able to take responsibility of themselves, and then the dependence of the parents on their sons –and girls- when they become old and in need for their assistance); all these are the â€Å"normal† Lebanese expectations and values regarding the family. – History: Lebanese people give big importance to their history and they keep it in mind to learn from the mistakes of the past that cost them hundreds of thousands of souls; in Lebanon the term â€Å"we paid blood for this cause† is widely used. The Lebanese flag has two red bands at its top and bottom sides, to symbolize for the blood that has been shed for the sake of the country and all those martyrs who sacrificed their lives throughout the history. Lebanese history is very rich and full of invasions and struggles to freedom time after time, and this has left pride in Lebanese people of their past and determination to continue the same path in moralities and values regarding the country and their freedom. – Food: Conservation of Food that the Lebanese used to prepare each summer for the winter (called Mooneh), has its origins both from the cold winters where no food would be available, and from the famous WWI’s famine that stroke Lebanon, where only rich people and some farmers were able to survive since  they had some food stored in their warehouses. In addition, meat has to be Halal; that is the animal has to be slaughtered according to the Islamic way, even for Lebanese Christians who consider Halal meat healthier and more hygienic. In the Islamic regions of Lebanon, it’s not acceptable to request alcohol or to drink or be drunk when visiting a Muslim, as alcohol is forbidden in Islam. As it is offensive to request for food or to eat, drink or smoke in public during the day in Ramadan, where Muslims will be fasting by that time. While in the American context, history has also shaped the values of the American people, but obviously in different direction as the historical events and circumstances was far different from those experienced in Lebanon. Taking the above tackled examples, in the following is an analysis of these in the American context as compared to the Lebanese one. – Family: the social tissue of the American society is made up of immigrants from different parts of the world, and according to their origin, families have different values and social practices. Accordingly, families living in Michigan are similar in their family bounds and values to the Lebanese, as there is a big Lebanese Diaspora living in this state. While in other regions where most of the immigrants originate from North-Western Europe, families don’t have as strong bounds as the oriental people, and young adults’ dependence on their parents is considered as a shame and regarded to as immaturity. – History: in spite of the short history of the United States as compared to other countries – here to Lebanon- history has had great deal with shaping the American culture and its people’s values, and Americans as the Lebanese are proud of their history and show great respect for those who contributed to the nowadays constitutional laws and values. For instance, the famous war between the North and the South had its important footprints on the American values regarding the racial discrimination and the respect to the individual regardless his color or race. On the other hand, the interventions of President Roosevelt during the Great Economical Depression in order to create job opportunities and boost the economy, is being nowadays highly  appreciated and appraised by the Americans. – Food: the American culinary culture seems to have no relation with that found in the Lebanese food. Americans depend mostly on â€Å"Fast Food†, with little time needed to prepare; this might have its origins the shortage in time when women and men had both to work during the industrial revolution at the beginning of the 20th century. In addition, no religious restrictions regarding the meat or alcohol, but rather a respect to some nutritional preferences like vegetarian and vegan food for some. Although each society has its own peculiarities, values and cultural distinction, globalization is now invading most societies in the world and shaping them into a new, more homogeneous society having pretty much the same Global Culture; the nature of that culture will be that of the most powerful societies’ who invade the weak ones culturally and prevail over them; only the strongest values will persist and this is another form of struggle. The most aspect of the American values I’ve adopted is independence as a woman coming from a Lebanese family. Although I was born and raised here, technically I am American; my family likes to think otherwise. My family is into the Lebanese culture very much. My father came to America when he was really young, maybe in his early 20s. He would visit Lebanon just about every summer and in 1983 he married my mother who was his neighbor. Soon after that my parents had my older brother, than my twin brother and I. My mother came to this country at the age of 22 (I think) and she started to bring over my uncles and grandmother. So, basically all of my family was here on my mother’s side except two of her sisters and one brother. We are very family oriented and I was the only girl so everyone was basically looking after me because they thought if I was to take the American way of things I would be wild and do whatever it is I wanted. That’s not how it works in the old country. The sister or daughter of the family is supposed to stay home, take care of the house, clean, cook, and cater to the father and/or brothers of her family. Since we lived in America and grew up here, I kind of had it the easy way, for a little while. I got away with almost everything. I was â€Å"daddy’s little girl,† whatever I wanted, I got. I think  it was because I was the only girl, for the most part. My father would get me any and everything I wanted. If my brothers were bothering me and I wanted to get them away from me, all I would do is scream â€Å"daddy, they’re hurting me† he would come running and they were the ones in trouble not me. Most of the time I would start the fight, so it was supposed to be my fault that we ended up fighting, but my father never knew that. He never wanted to see me cry or get hurt by my brothers who were rough and always play fighting. My biological father died when I was 7 years old of a heart attack and so my mother was left as a single parent taking care of two 7 year olds and a 12 year old. It was devastating, heart breaking; nothing has been the same since of course. My mom was extremely strict on us after the passing of my father, that was the only way she knew how to protect us from this â€Å"evil and cruel world† she would tell us. My mom had her mother and three brothers here; my father’s sister lived on the second floor of our house, so she wasn’t alone taking care of us. Of course mothers have their own way of taking care of their kids and she didn’t want anyone to change the way she was raising us or taking care of us. She made our lives very difficult at times because most of the kids we went to school with or lived around were always outside on the street playing but we weren’t allowed outside of the driveway because she always wanted her eye on us or someone always had to watch us. There was never a time where we were alone, especially me since I’m the girl of the family. My brothers had more privileges than I did be cause of course they were boys and I wasn’t. In 2001 that’s when things got a lot easier for my mother and us. She got remarried to a Lebanese man who was from the same city in Lebanon where we were from. She was happy and of course we were happy for her and as a family in general. A lot more freedom and independence came upon us. He is a very open-minded individual. He wasn’t living in America when my mother met him. He was visiting and ended up staying because him and my mom fell in love and got married. He sort of opened my mother’s mind up A LOT, for me. My brothers always had their freedom for the most part. My mom started letting me go to the park with my girlfriends, she let me go to birthday parties at friends houses. The option of sleeping over someone’s house was never there. I was very happy and thankful that God brought this man into our family. I  am very close to him; he is my step-father, of course. My father will never be replaced but a part of me always sits and thinks maybe my father brought this man into our lives; maybe he picked him out for my mom. He and my father are very similar people. When I was going into my junior year of high school my parents thought of this brilliant idea to move out of the city. It wasn’t so brilliant for us. We were living in Hyde Park. We left our childhood home, street, friends, parks, etc. It was a very sad thing to do. Our new home was in Attleboro, Ma. A very suburb area as oppose to Hyde Park. That’s where most of my independence and freedom took part. I’m thinking my mom was more lenient to letting me do things and go places because we were now living in the suburbs. I would go to my friend’s house, sometimes stay there until really late at night. When I turned 17 I learned how to drive, I got my permit and soon after my license. The most freedom a teenager has is when they’re able to drive themselves around and not depend on other people or their parents for a ride anywhere. My freedom and independence began here. It was the most wonderful time of my life. I would drive from Attleboro to Boston almost every other day. My mom knew where I would be going, to my best friend’s house in Boston or to visit my grandmother and uncles who still live in Hyde Park. The fact that my mother was letting me or allowing me to do all of these things defines where I have adopted the American â€Å"teenage† lifestyle in that point of my life. My religion is very important to my family and to me as well. I grew up in the Orthodox Christian church. I will always have this value from my native culture. I don’t think I’ll ever forget my religion or where my beliefs come from. I went to church every Sunday every since I was a little girl. As for now, I don’t go to church so much anymore. I live a busy life, like most Americans and especially Bostonians. I always have time for religion, there’s nothing wrong with prayer at home or wherever you are. My brothers and I went to a church camp out in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania called Antiochian Village. The mission of the Antiochian Village is to present to young people a living experience of the Holy Orthodox Faith, in their relationship with God and other campers in an uncluttered, natural environment. We were there for two weeks every summer. It was probably the best two weeks out of the whole year. I started going there when I was 12 years old until I was 17. I learned a lot about my religion, met life-long friends who I call family  now, and learned how to live without electronics attached to me every second of the day. It was a big challenge for me because I was so used to watching TV every day and using the phone to talk to friends, and playing video games. Our trips to the Village have taught self-awareness. I t’s a big aspect of my life. I think to accomplish the mission of the Village was to bring young people: * Awareness of self and fellow man * A broadening of their Orthodox life * A greater awareness of their religion * Good sportsmanship * Growth in personal relationships and personal responsibility * An appreciation of nature and a concern for the environment In Lebanon I see that religion is very powerful. When I go there for the summer there are always feasts and Saints days. There are huge celebrations for these feasts and Saints days. The whole town/city/village is a part of these celebrations. The churches are decorated with lights and candles and flowers. It’s beautiful. When I see these churches decorated like this, it makes me realize that there is a God. Without God there would be nothing. I wear jewelry to represent that I am religious; like a cross on my neck or sometimes prayer beads around my wrist. I make it very clear to people that I’m a big part of Christianity. Lebanese people can tell right away what religion you are. There are different crosses for the Catholic and Orthodox Christians. The Orthodox cross has a slightly different look than the Catholic one. For me — melting pot/salad bowl — it’s about a country of immigrants becoming stronger by both embracing the diversity of its cultures but also all feeling they do belong to one nation as well. I’m more of a melting pot. I’m more ethnic but have been combined with the American culture. I live my life more of the American lifestyle in some ways more than others apposes to the Lebanese lifestyle. I’m big into the equality of opportunity whereas in Lebanon the man is in charge of the household, most women are stay at home wives who take care of the household, cooking and cleaning. I’m more independent that the cousins I have in Lebanon. The only women in my family who work are the ones who have gone to University and have found good jobs  that are actually worth it. In America even if one doesn’t have a college degree there is a high possibility that they can be successful. It could be from knowing someone in a certain type of job or business where they can receive better privileges and get promoted easily with higher paying jobs and not even having to step foot in a college level course. Those are the perks of living in America and having opportunity. In Lebanon there are not many options. Middle class or very wealthy families put their children in college or universities. Some of the people in my family were very fortunate to go to college because their parents had to give up their dreams or sell a piece of land that was handed down to them from their fathers or grandfathers in order to pay for their college tuitions. As I said before independence is my number one turnover from the Lebanese culture to the American culture. Only the bravest women in my culture stand up to their families or husbands and choose to be independent. I have that opportunity without a doubt or without anyone having to tell me â€Å"No.† Of course I still have my values that come from my culture. These values are what make me who I am and best represent me as independent. In Lebanon the people are always giving a helping hand, Americans are the same way. I take that value very much inconsideration because I always try to help the less fortunate. I have so much to be thankful and grateful by the help of my parents and God that I try and give out a helping hand even if it’s a dollar. There are millions of charities to help the less fortunate in Lebanon and there are a million charities that I have contributed my money, clothes, shoes, jackets, etc. to. It gives me great pleasure to do so, it’s very frowned upon if you know someone who is less fortunate and doesn’t help them out with whatever it is possible that you can give in Lebanon and I’m sure in America as well. Some Americans are greedy or cheap and don’t like to give their belongings or money away to homeless or less fortunate people but for the most part I see a very large amount of contributors to these people. Happiness is a great value that I’ve inherited from both cultures; Lebanese and American. My mother always tells me â€Å"it is better to be poor and happy than to be wealthy and unhappy,† meaning no matter how big or deep your  pocket it is, it will not give you happiness. I always surround myself with the things that make me the most happy. It is of course my family, my best friends, etc. When I finish school, I plan on opening my own business it may or may not be successful either way that is my goal. It is what’s going to make me happy. Whether I become very wealthy or very poor that is what will make me the most happiest. The thought of my goal and dream to be my own boss will give me great pleasure in saying to someone â€Å"I am my own boss,† finally. I hope to be as successful as some of the people in my family are. Some own their own business, some have very high paying jobs at very well known corporations/businesses. Even if I become a manager at a business or corporation it will still make me very happy to say that I’ve accomplished my dreams in becoming â€Å"wealthy,† because that is how I define wealthy; rising from the very bottom to the very top in my life. I want to show my parents that I have accomplished my dreams because I have more opportunities than my mother and father did from when they first arrived in this country. It will make me happy just seeing my mother happy. It’s a great thing to be, happy. Lebanese people are happy whether they are very poor, middle-class, an d wealthy sometimes. Americans don’t see the economic status the same as us Lebanese, but I have seen a number of people say the same who are Americans. Having good health is the number one priority in a Lebanese family. My mother also has always said â€Å"without health you have nothing.† If my father wasn’t healthy he may be still alive. I know my father’s side of the family has a history of heart disease and he was also under a lot of stress at the time. But he wasn’t healthy at all. If a person isn’t healthy, there would be no way a person can go to school to get an education, go to work to earn their money, not even get up out of their beds. Health is a big issue in Lebanon and in America. Obesity is growing and growing in America every day. I’m concerned for myself and family. But with the help of God and us there is no way being unhealthy is an option in my book. In conclusion, independence, a helping hand, and health have best described my melting pot and shape me to be the person I am today. There is no better way to explaining myself in any other way than I already have. Thank you.

Psychological Survival †Cohen and Taylor Essay

1) Aim of the correctionObtain a phenomenological picture of dour terminal figure im prisonment i.e. the analysis of the both day life of long term prisoners.The smooth patterning of every day life is the result of tender interactions and learning slightly routines and the diametrical domains of life. But round situations be outside the routines (death, sense of self or world view threatened). Disturbed orderliness brings meaning of life into question and oftenmagazines individuals rely on a distinguishable domain.Long term prisoners kittynot do this. Theirs is a life in cold storage. mentally knockout to deal with life outside. adept approximately battalion go in when 20 and take int leave originally theyre 40, so a muddle has gone on in insouciant life and theyve missed it.2) Cohen and Taylor not authentically interested in the crime attached and the moral issues behind it. They argon just interested in how prison affects this base of mess. Society has been taken away from these people. or so of the people are well known, exactly they put aside what these people have got been convicted on, they just want to know about their psychological survival.3) Life inside metaphor of a submarine Impregnability, empty, claustrophobic, lifeless, bland no natural light, TV cameras.Things we take for grant in normal life, sociability and retirement, are not there. not many agonists you can have or choose to have.Relationships among guards and prisoners, maybe from a similar social backgrounds, have a lot to address about. In the E-wing case there was a very pronounced geographical divide, northbound and south. Prisoners have a public visibility outside, quite famous and it sets them aside from the guards. A sense of celebrity in some of the prisoners. This creates a division between guards and prisoners. wise power dynamic.Not only unuttered to create and maintain relationships inside hard to do so with the external world. The prisoners w ere more than worried about peeting earn rather than receiving them.No physical contact, e.g. members of your family. Not allowed to talk about conditions in the prison maybe that is why they wanted to get their stories heard with Cohen and Taylor. Isolating experience.5) different people work out different social roles. plainly there was a small pot in prison. One friend had to fulfil many different roles, which made friendship very strong and intense. Some people were moved constantly and losing your one friend can be traumatic. Intensity of relationships and locomote out, which will have an impact on the congregation and on you.No privacy no epoch. Cant modernise intimacy with other people. Constantly adjoin by others. Interactions regulated within the group to make sure nobody got harmed. 6) time means different things. For us its a resource.Living the present they dont face or gauge of the 20 years ahead.Marking time in different ways mood, seasons, unmatched mark ers.Make time pass fleet body building, university courses, etc. promise of a visit. 8 weeks visit for e.g.7) deterioration psychoneurotic concern about their physical and psychological condition.8) history of riots, rebellions and security. Cohen and Taylor interested in solidarity. The resentment towards guards held the group together, helped with bonding. Fight back together.9) way and unitydifferent situations lead to different types of solidarity10) fighting back11) different wicked careers lead to different ways of psychological survival.Notes from a lecture and seminar on psychological Survival.