Theorization & Generalization of Findings Article

Theorization & abstract of Findings - Article ExampleThus, cordial Work Research is a means of providing a flexible dodging through which targets of a minded(p) Social Work projects can be analyzed, critiqued and evaluated in order to forget an opinion or view of the existing state of affairs in the status of a given community.The purpose of this paper is to critique a given article on the basis of standards, conventions, and ethics of Social Work Research presented by authoritative academics and researchers in the field. This will include a thorough reexamine and analysis of the content of the article and how it meets the standards in the absolute and relativist sense.The article selected for this study is name Violence flick Among Children of Incarcerated Mothers by Dana, D. DeHart and Sandra J. Altshuler which was published in the Child Adolescent Social Work Journal in 2009. As the title suggests, the article focuses on the social welf are of a class of people in ordinat ion who need the help of social service providers and other social workers to gain a normal feeling pip-squeakren of incarcerated women. Clearly, when a woman gives birth to a child in prison, the child is in a less(prenominal) than ideal social setting. Hence, there is the need for social workers in the community to find ways of ensuring that the child in question gets the right level of care and attention in order to grow to break down a responsible adult.The title makes it easier for people searching the web to locate it because the words violence, children and incarcerated mothers are likely to be searched when anyone with a research interest needs to find an article with these features. This implies that it is conveniently titled and can be considerably located. The title is also direct and straightforward because most thinkers can easily understand it and deduce a lot of meaning from it when they first see it.

What is your relationship between text and performance How is text Essay

What is your relationship amid schoolbook and performance How is text used in, for and as art, design and performance - Essay ExampleBy providing access, that is, to every form of extremism, including the prostitute, the madman, the mechanic, and the critic, modern society had stripped man of his ability to approach the society from without, and thence to critique. Gavin Butt, writing specifically about art and literature criticism more than a half a century later, in 2005, claimed that the position of the critic had not substantially changed. He argued that criticism had suffered a crisis undermenti singled post-structuralism in which the space for criticality had withered (p 1). Specifically, he claimed that theorists following Derrida, through declaring a deconstructive stance in regard to text in which the critic lives inside the text alternatively than outside of it, thereby beseeming unmoored from any objective or anterior position from which to judge a texts intent, pi tch lost claim to any constructive ground by which to judge such texts (p 3). Taking, as one must in the postmodern world, the notion of text to its logical conclusion, one comes to the same argument that Marcuse presented. The artist cannot find room to critique society because he lives within the text that society represents. But is this needs so? If, that is, Marcuse found it possible to write his book, or Butt found it worthwhile to discuss the spot of the critic, there must be some possibility of critical distance still available to the artist. Or else why so much spilled ink? The answer, it is believed here, is found in the continuing argument provided by Butts and thus hinted at in the work of both Marcuse and Derrida, as well as others. Through what Butt calls the performative dally of criticism, the artist as well as the critic, is able to form an act of criticism of text. Butt calls for a criticism after criticism which rests on the event-ness or immanence of an act a s the significant factor, rather than any supposed transcendent or theoretical quality concerning the notion of criticism. In other words, the artist, by acting on a text, defined however it may be defined, is able to approach that text in a way that is instructive or altering or controlled or otherwise understood. In this brief paper, the role of the artist in defining the interaction between text and performance leave behind be considered. Using the framework that Butts suggests, as presaged by other theorists working in the same vein, and as applied through the work of select contemporary artists, the paper will consider how text, both literally and figuratively configured, relates to performance, and how the artist may make use of this relationship as a critical function. plan definition of the notion of text will be offered, followed by a critical examination of how the germane(predicate) working artists have used actual and figurative text in their art to significant effect . adjacent this exposition, conclusions will be offered regarding the use of performance and text within my own approach to art as a means of achieving critical distance from the society in which I live and communicative propinquity to my viewers, so that my art may be both meaningful and substantive. Text Defined In their pullulate about the French philosopher who defined the deconstruction movement, Jacques Derrida, Kirby Dick and Amy Ziering weigh his influence and theoretical suppositions against the man himself. This is a fitting tribute in many ways, since Derrida believed that the notion of a text includes a structurally unfathomable set of possibilities, a network of associations that spring from any given object or

The Institution of slavery in the American South of Antebellum Period Essay

The Institution of slavery in the American South of Antebellum completion - Essay ExampleThis inhuman practice humiliated the enslaved calamitouss to an extent that they could never erase it from their minds as eagle-eyed as they lived. According to Hunter (73) the actual picture of slavery in Southern America was that of bulky farms plantations with a lot of slaves. In fact, slavery here was institutionalized were a few people witness slaves in their institutions with the aim that they provide cheap labor. Almost 3/4 of the Southern Americans did not own slaves, but they were solidly behind the slavery institution, as more as they did not benefit much from it. Though many of the Southern whites resented the privileges enjoyed by the few people who owned these slavery institutions, they did not cover against slavery (Hunter 74). However, all they wished for is for them to get an opportunity of owning slaves, so that they can also enjoy those privileges. Furthermore, slavery p resented an opportunity to even the poor whites, of feeling superior to the blacks. A great number of slaves spend much of their era in the cotton plantations, carrying out various activities (Hunter 74). Each of these cotton plantations had approximately fifty slaves, although some plantations which were relatively large had about a hundred slaves. Different plantations raised a wide range of gold crops such as rice, sugarcane and corn, but cotton at time, was the major funds crop. The slaves planted these cash crops as well as harvesting them. Apart from doing these two major activities in the farms, they also clear land, slaughtered livestock and repaired buildings as well (Hunter 74). While black men slaves were expected to be drivers, mechanics and carpenters, black women were on the other hand expected to care for their masters families. There were two main categories of slaves those who worked in their masters homesteads and those who worked in the fields. Hunter (74) as serts that from such categorization, one may think that those operative in the homes were relatively better than those in the fields. Unfortunately, that was not the case since those working(a) in the homes had no privacy, operated under their masters end scrutiny and could be called for duty anyhow. By universe close to their masters home slaves formed conglomerate relationships with their masters. Children of both the white and black races born in such a scenario, mingled freely until they attained a certain age when they started understanding what was going on (Hunter 74). The diets of the slaves were inadequate, hence could not meet their workload demands (Hunter 75). Those working in homes though ate comparatively better since they could access their masters food stores. The poor have conditions and the climatic conditions made the slaves to be so much prone to diseases. On falling sick the slaves were not given adequate treatment and sometimes they forced into work thoug h sick. Although that is not inhuman enough, slaves were eternally being sold when they become inadequate. This instilled a constant fear in them as they could suffer from being separated from their families. The women slaves also suffered from sexual exploitation such as rape. Hunter (75) explains further that slaves were punished for working slowly, disrespecting authority or running away. Punishment was administered in many ways such as imprisonment, rattling or even

Ethical Considerations of Health Information Management Essay

Ethical Considerations of Health Information Management - Essay ExampleNaturally, man beings are secretive and tend to limit the extent to which certain breeding disturbanceing their genial and health position should reach the public ear. Societal reaction to healthcare goods often depends on the extent to which the health care service would infringe their civil liberty. This research examines possibility of concealment impact among the health check master keys as well as the effects of such violations to the patients. Problem Statement Handling of patients information is critical concern in the aesculapian examination practice because it affects the liberty of the patient in one side and on the some other side, it dictate the ability of the healthcare profession to discharge his duty. The consequent of the above phenomena is the need to create good codes that get the manner in which healthcare professionals should handle the patients information. In practice, medica l exam officer often beg clients to volunteer information concerning their health or person problems. This data is instrumental in discharging the right service to the patient as well as designing of an intervention mechanism to a disease volcanic eruption in the society (Harman, 2001). Nevertheless, protection of the patient liberty is critical in ensuring effective service delivery. In this sense, handling of the patients information within the stipulated codes necessary, but the code should not bar the medical professional from protecting life. Summary of Research Sources Some critics have demonstrated concerns about the use of social network among medical professionals (Thompson et al., 2011). The fact that the medical professionals use social network aggravate the danger of violation of patients privacy. Recent studies indicate that medical institutions have established that some unprofessional medical students post medical information in the social network thereby breaching t he patients privacy rights. Various laws defining medical practice tend to outlaw activities or engagements between the medical professional and the public that would lead to breach of patients privacy. The Health Information Portability and Accountability Act define the extent to which the medical professional can share confidential information of the patients. The relationship between medical professionals and the patients is not only instrumental in defining the nature of the service delivered to the patients, but also affects the social perception to the medical practice. Some critics show that patients are unwilling to visit healthcare facilities if their personal information were to reach the public ear (Neurodiagn, 2012). Arguably, this finding does not only affect the patient, but also the societal values establishing the medical practice. Some studies have sought to establish the influence of confidence in medical practice (Thompson et al., 2011). Such studies shows that trust between the medical practitioner and the client dictate the nature of response that the patient would give to the medical officer. Information dissemination is a critical component of the medical practice. The medical practitioners rely on the information given to them by the patients. It follows that, lack of trust or breach of trust between the parties involves elicit poor service delivery. The handling of patient

Performance Management System Analysis of Google Essay

act Management System Analysis of Google - judge ExampleThis research aims to agnise the feat counseling system of an face and evaluate its objectives, policies and procedures, and to identify problems if any. Furthermore, the research would highlight the strengths and the weaknesses of the performance management system and recommend improvements. In this research, the performance management system of the Google mogul in X, United Kingdom is analyzed in detail. The organization has many different internal teams, only the overall process for performance management has been streamlined across the organization. Rational and MethodologyGoogle is a real performance oriented organization. Being a part of the dynamic internet industry, it is of top priority that the employees and the management perform to their optimal levels and keep on improving towards the mission and goal of the organization. This company was chosen because Google has been an organization that has revolutioniz ed the internet industry it is considered to be one of the best break throughs to work in and because of its innovation as wholesome as aggression. These reasons give an indication that the organization would have a strong and robust workforce that works collectively towards a common mission. Any strong and robust workforce would also be managed with the jockstrap of a performance management system that makes sure that the activities through with(p) by the employees align with the goals of their respective teams and with the big mission of the organizations.... ystem that makes sure that the activities done by the employees align with the goals of their respective teams and with the larger mission of the organizations. The methodology for evaluating the performance management system was carried out through semi-structured questions with a group of managers, human resource professionals as salubrious as through the employees (total of 35 employees were interviewed). This was chosen as the methodology of research because it would not only grant insights intimately the system, but it will also give an indication of the different perspectives that employees and management have about the system in place. The semi-structured interview also gives scope for some open ended questions through which only detailed insights and opinions can be found out. According to the research done by Creswell (2007), semi-structured type of interview allows the researcher to lead a very easy discussion and conversation based on mold topics. Therefore, a semi-structured methodology of was decided upon. The research was done keeping all the ethical considerations in place and the respondents were chosen through a random selection. Once the reading was collected, a subjective evaluation was done of the responses. In this research, quantitative analysis of data was not done because the key aim of the research was to understand and evaluate the performance management system. T he information from each individual was collated to find out key facts and information related to the performance management system. Performance Management in the Organization Structure The structure of the Performance Management system in the Google office has multiple layers to it. Many different activities, such as informal chat with the employees to formal system of

Interdiscipnilary topic - select 3 disciplines and connect them Research Paper

Interdiscipnilary topic - select 3 disciplines and connect them somehow to the political theory of John Rawls - Research Paper ExampleVarious disciplines freighter for example be used in teaching, in scientific research, in management and so on. school of thought for example, can be used to develop theories, to which science can then be used to point the theories. These subjects are interrelated in one way or the other, and they are normally used unitedly to solve specific problems or develop new ideas. While the main focus is on the interdisciplinary nature of three disciplines, biological, philosophical, and educational disciplines, the paper explains the political theory as postulated by John Rawls, and as well as explains the meaning of interdisciplinary. Brief descriptions of the three disciplines are attached, then a detailed explanation of how they are interlinked given using one research study.It is important to explain John Rawls political theory to enhance the impres sion in which the research is based. Rawls theory explains how a democratic society still manages to set up an preservation and run normally. In a democratic society, people behave opposite worldviews. The people have different opinions about certain laws, they have different religious beliefs, they have different conceptions about what is ethically overcompensate or not, they have different values and forms of interpersonal relations. Because of these differences, people will have different devotions, do it hard for them to be loyal to one law. As Rawls explains however, in a society, not everyone can have his way. There has to be a commonality law that guides the behaviour of everyone. For example, there have to be common laws defining what is ethically right and wrong. People have to recognize that they live in a society, qualification it difficult to act according to the diverse values, beliefs, and practices.It is explained in this theory that the society still manages t o be unchangeable because of the peoples ability to employ public reason to make decisions. Public reason makes them

Shakespeare's tragic vision Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Shakespeares tragic vision - undertake ExampleBen Jon son, a contemporary Play Wright said about Shakespeare that, He was not of an age barely for altogether times who with his dramatic genius has established and underlying reputation for himself which he lived.Shakespeares age was a period of ignorance and superstition. Despite the advancement of science and learning, the majority of the people still believed in witchcraft and charms omens of all sorts .The frequent appearance of the supernatural can be seen like ghost in Julius Caesar and crossroads, witches in Macbeth. health check science was still rudimentary, and all sorts of fantastic lures were prescribed. village is considered as a calamity has all the characteristic features of a Shakespearean tragedy. A Shakespearean tragedy is essentially the tale of one bit- the hero . village is the prince of Denmark, frank, shocking hearted man. That is why he is popular with the people, and Ophelia and Fortinbras praise him so highly.The suffering of the tragic hero is also exceeding he suffers so terribly the hearts of the readers filled with pity and sympathy. Hamlet has all the chief Characteristics of a typical Elizabethans Revenge ply. The Revenge motive is strong in it. Hamlets father is murdered in a most foul dash. It is an unnatural crime, for the criminal is the real brother of the murdered King. His queen has been unfaithful to her keep up during his life time and soon after his death she marries the murderer. Thus there is murder, adultery, and incestuous marriage. In the manner of retaliation play, it is the ghost of Hamlets father who reveals to the young prince the horrible truth about his fathers death, and lays upon him the duty of revenge. The supernatural motif has been fully exploited, eg. The ghost speaks only to the prince. In Hamlet there is much of fighting, bloodshed and violence. First Hamlet kills Polonius hidden behind the curtain. Not only had that he dug his body down ex claimingThis man will set me packing I will lug the guts into the neighboring room. The revenge motif has been fully exploited, and thrills and sensations, for which the grounding longed, have been provided in ample measure. It is not merely an object of horror, precisely also the representation of the hidden, mysterious forces that lurk around us. It is an instrument of justice to punish the evil doer.Hamlet is one of the greatest tragedies of the world. As Goggling is points out, Hamlet, is not to be regarded as a tragedy of revenge, but as a universal figure he is every man. In his suffering, melancholy, hesitations in his inaction at a crucial moment in his life he typifies some one or the other descriptor of human nature. Hamlet is a tortured individual and it is through his soliloquies that the dreamiest has laid bare his soul before us. Without the soliloquies the drama would be more husks without a Kernel. One can say that Hamlet is Souls tragedy and raise above a crude M elodrama or Revenge play. According to Samuel Johnson on Hamlet, The play of Hamlet is opened, without impropriety, by two sentinels Iago bellows at Brabantios window, without injury to the scheme of the play, though in terms which a modern audience would not easily endure the character of Polonius is seasonable and useful and the grave-diggers themselves may be

Sex Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Sex Education - Essay ExampleSometimes, when children pass water where babies come from, parents would respond that babies come from storks and would stop at that explanation.Seeing that there is not enough reading about charge up and gender from the family, a teen would turn to other sources of information such as the television, movies, music, magazines, the internet, friends and even boyfriends and girlfriend. The television, movies, and music most of the times treat sex and sexuality as something that can be through anywhere, with anyone, and can be done without any responsibilities. Most of these media sources also show sex and sexuality as a way to be cool, is equal to showing affection to someone, and can be done without worry-free and without risks. Some even exaggerate about sex and sexuality and as a result they devote off the wrong information. Some examples of these false information are having more than one sexual assistant is alright, protection against sexually transmitted diseases is not necessary, you look cool and you become a hunk when you convey had sex with lots of girls, having sex with someone you had just met is cool and acceptable, and other false beliefs about sex and sexuality.Magazines and the internet are also the same with television, movies and music. However, magazines and the internet are more popularly known to have been used for improper information about sex and sexuality that at times these materials are classified advertisement as illegal. In magazines and the internet, sex and sexuality is simply naked bodies of men and women and no scientific or academic explanation can be obtained from these sources. Though some magazines and some sites from the internet are educational and can be sources of proper explanation for sex and sexuality, those providing incorrect information are more normal than those that give the right information. Some false information we get from magazines and the internet

Fonterra Tirau Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Fonterra Tirau - Essay ExampleThe product do at this facility amounts to thousands of heaps annually that feed both the foreign and the domestic markets. As the result of an upgrade in 1981, the authoritative site operated by Fonterra is the only one that produces lactalbumin whose tonnage is 1400 annually and is an essential ingredient in nutritional applications.During the high season between August and December of each year, the true site usually processes intimately 2.9 million liters on a daily basis, which is collected from the dairy farmers who are also shareholders in Fonterra. The some other product manufactured at the Tirau site is lactic casein that totals 7000 tons annually, whose main export market is China, USA, most European states, and Japan (Fonterra, 2014).Fonterra is one of the companies that has attracted the interest of environmentalists and government agencies charged with protecting the environment. This is not impress since (Water Quality in New Zealand 2012) states milk processing plants are the major environmental pollutants in New Zealand, and this includes Fonterras sites. Tirau being a principle road town in the Waikato portion has experient an increase in commercial and agricultural activities over the years that have showcased a major electrical shock on the environment especially on the water resources. Subsequently, the water pH and levels of conductivity in Waikato region have been deteriorating gradually with the Waikato River experiencing high levels of pollution.According to environmental impact assessment reports, a majority of the industries that cause pollution is dairy farming and product plants together with the use of high nitrogen fertilizers that have made the water pH levels in these regions to deteriorate. Fonterra Tirau understands that the industrial activities conducted at this plant is one of the key contributors to the environmental debasement of the Waikato region and has put in place

Pricing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Pricing - Essay ExampleCenter of discussion in this paper is determine that hatful be approached at three distinct levels such as industry level, mart level, and transaction level. application level determine process considers overall stintings of the industry including changes in customer needs and supplier prices. Zuponcic states that Market level determine takes into account market trends and competitors strategies whereas, transaction level pricing specifically focuses on the discounts management. Modern marketers practice a range of pricing strategies mainly including cost plus pricing, skimming pricing, market oriented pricing, penetration pricing, premium pricing, price leadership, target pricing, absorption pricing, and value based pricing. A readiness of economic factors is to be considered before recommending a pricing strategy for a particular product since pricing is the most effective profit lever. As Sloman points out, it is necessary to evaluate market penury a nd price snapshot of the product. For instance, if there is high market affect for a product, the marketer can fix a comparatively higher price whereas he will be forced to down in the mouther product prices when market demand declines. Some products including jewelleries and automobiles are very sensitive to price and hence, even a small increase in price will lead to a noticeable decline in their market demand. As Clausen indicates, economic theories do not encourage the setting of higher prices for such price sensitive products. In addition, yield costs and expected profit margin have to be analyzed term choosing a pricing strategy.... In addition, production costs and expected profit margin have to be analyzed while choosing a pricing strategy (ibid). When a products cost of production is high, firms generally rosiness higher prices in order to ensure adequate return on the huge investments. In the beguile of Senior (1852, p. 102), organizations need to consider huge profi t margins if the cost production is high and fix a low profit margin if production costs incurred are near to the ground. Shaw (2001, pp.58-59) points out that market coordinate also plays a crucial role in ensuring successful pricing since market demand is the get a line driver behind product movement. To illustrate, a skimming pricing policy would probably fail to decoy customers in a market where competition is intense, because a set of other product choices are uncommitted to customers. Therefore, it is better to adopt a cost plus pricing policy or penetration pricing policy while operating in a highly competitive market environment. Similarly, price contrast strategy would be advisable in a market which contains diverse population. This strategy seems to be authorization for mobile phone industry, particularly to Aslan. According to George, Joll, and Lynk (1992, pp.181-185), in an oligopolistic market environment, a small number of sellers miss the market and hence econo mic theories advise firms to compete in such market segments with relatively low prices and high production. If a marketer increases his product prices in an oligopolistic market environment, customers will certainly switch their demand to other sellers who market their products more affordably. Marketers must give specific focus on the pricing of plain configurable products. Economic approaches direct that price

Paris Peace Conference 1919 Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Paris Peace congregation 1919 - Term Paper ExampleThe mission to restore tranquillity was proclaimed by chairperson Wilson. All the documents present the authors quest for peace. This is portrayed with carefully chosen haggle that are used and the effect that these words have on the delegates that attended the conference. The Paris Peace Conference recorded an attendance of 27 countries with high-ranking representatives and aids who devised a Peace pact.The central power leading who attended the conference included Prime Minister David Lloyd George of Great Britain, George Clemenceau of France, Italian Prime Minister Vittorio Orlando, and President Woodrow Wilson of the United States.During the Peace Conference, two themes were highly critical. The first theme was that each victorious ally from europium had betrayed the diplomacy of the then president Wilson. Therefore, in so doing, they had deprived the post war international enact of its moral justification1. The second the me was the Carthaginian settlement in which all the winning nations had virtually dismantled the country of Germany of all its economic and military power.Therefore, the main theme was that of restoring peace to the war torn nations plot of ground the secondary themes were of diplomacy and the Carthaginian settlement. These three themes each stand for itself and the three cannot be united as one theme.Key points of the speeches by the presidents of the four nations are evident. The then President of the United States, President Wilson, promised Poland giving and secure access to the Baltic Sea. Wilson balanced antithetical considerations with his self-determination and patience2.France attended the conference with the aim of acquiring backup and security from the Germans. Therefore, the only way of achieving their goal was to ensure the Americans and the British take over. However, this was only viable if the two countries could give Germany such a punch that Germany could never rise again3.The Peace Conference Treaty which was

Information Overload and Intelligence Operations Essay

Information Overload and Intelligence Operations - Essay ExampleI moderate that one of the key areas of definition is the development of the effs that are directly related to intelligence operations. I guess that intelligence army and digest operate hand in hand, arguing that too much order and little analysis would only lead to ineffective intelligence operations, and the opposite has the same result. It is true that the issue of mass data collection and the appropriate measures that can be taken to analyze mass data. The erect focuses on the noise created by the mass data collected, when you comment, there is difficulty presented within intelligence analysis in the context of mass data collection and the summation of noise created by an overwhelming amount of information. Intelligence analysis is more time and resource consuming as compared to data collection as recurrently referenced by the student. However, you ignore assessing the technological innovations created to n ominate an analysis easier, which are less(prenominal) time-consuming. Regardless, I agree with the student who argues that the analysis is as equally critical to intelligence operations as collection of appropriate data is. I agree that data analysts are responsible for incorrect information or the incomprehensive information because thorough analysis is rather tasking for analysts. It is good when you introduce the concept of information overload, which is a rather clever approach to address the topic. Information overload has been noted to cause most analysts make poor judgments or ignore a series of vital components of information. You did a great job by going to the extent of showing the worst effects of information overload. According to the post, information overload that overwhelms the analysts poses a critical security threat to the country. Our nation becomes less secure because analysts are more indecisive, stressed, and pose less effective analysis of decisions. All in a ll, I agree that the analysis is a mental affect and that exhaustion is highly likely to affect the productivity of analysts. I think that this is an exceptional piece.

Critical commentary of two articles on Indigenous Australian Essay

Critical commentary of both articles on Indigenous Australian - Essay ExampleThe article, therefore, makes a valid argument when it indicates that indigenous Australians essential be credited for their role in conservation of the environs and the countrys cultural hereditary pattern.Talbots article is highly relevant to environment studies, since it proposes that conservation is best addressed from the roots. In this light, the author posits that Australias aboriginals would aid in these efforts, since their role in protecting and managing the environment is inherently linked to their traditional cognition and responsibility, as custodians and protectors of the land they occupy. The article is also pertinent to the course, because it identifies some of the gaps that persist in Australias environment conservation efforts, as well as, potential mitigation measures.The article highlights several principle environmental, social and cultural issues. For example, it takes note of the fact that there have been few processes for acknowledging and getting consent from Aboriginals, while developing world-wide heritage nominations. As a result, majority of the indigenous Australians feel isolated and disregarded, in the environment and heritage conservation efforts (Talbot, 2012). The article emphasizes that national establishment must formulate national policies on conservation, while zesty indigenous persons in the formal discussions. In addition, this article stresses that research institutions, governmental and non-governmental organizations should value cultural and ecologic knowledge systems of the indigenous masses. Talbot has written the article from the perspective of a concerned Australia citizen, and as an Aboriginal advocating for his peoples recognition in environmental conservation.The principal argument against the principal assertions of this article is that, the national government should independently make policies on environment and heritage p reservation. The validity of this argument is

Budgets Forecast for Energy Drink Company Essay

Budgets Forecast for Energy Drink Company - Essay Example peripheral costing takes into account protean costs during production while Fixed manufacturing overhead is treated as period costs. It is believed that only the variable costs are relevant to decision-making and that the reason why they are considered in production. Fixed manufacturing overheads will be incurred regardless there is production or not. Appendix 1 illustrates a cost statement using marginal costing. The contribution margin is positive therefore the plan of manufacturing an faculty drink is a viable one. The fixed costs are not useful in the decision-making form that is why contribution margin is used as it excluded fixed costs. Break-even analysis is used in masking the relationship between selling prices, sales volume, variable costs, fixed costs and profits at respective(a) levels of activity. It is also referred to as cost-volume-profit analysis. It used in determining the break-even point. BEP is the l evel of activity where the tally revenue equals the total costs. Therefore, no profits are realized at the BEP. However, break-even analysis has its limit points. To begin with, breakeven analysis assumes that fixed cost, variable costs and sales revenue behaves are linear. However, this is not the case since some overhead costs may be stepped in nature. As a result, the straight sales revenue line and total cost line tend to curve beyond a certain level of production Another limitation of break-even analysis is that it assumes that all the stock produced is sold. Therefore, changes in stock levels are not taken into account in the breakeven chart. Finally, breakeven analysis is only suitable for providing information to relatively small companies that produce one type of products. thereof its not suitable for companies producing a different product. Forecasting is used in estimating future public presentation of the business. It is useful in the financial planning process whic h entails assessing future financial needs.

Research paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Research Paper ExampleThe determine objectives of this study include the epitome of the status of earnings merchandise in Hong Kong, to examine the effectiveness of meshing marketing at Hong Kong, and to examine the behavior and the viewpoints of consumers, towards internet marketing (Anderson, Claes, & Lehmann 53). Introduction There is no uncertainness that the internet continues to shape consumer trends not only in Hong Kong, but also in the rest of the land. The internet has bighearted into a crucial source of information for the entire population. In response to this trend, and the growing puzzle out of the internet, advertisers and marketers found it a useful tool to reach target consumers. Due to the integrated nature of the map of the internet in marketing, the effectiveness of online advertising has remained an issue of debate among consumers, scholars and advertisers (Charlesworth 33-334). This paper lead be an analysis of the status of internet marketing in Hong Kong and its effectiveness in shaping purchasing behaviors of Hong Kong consumers. Basically, the paper will analyze the role played by internet advertizing in influencing Hong Kongs consumer behavior. ... ance publication of 2008 say that the amounts spent on internet advertising in Hong Kong are in the range of HK$ 172 million, for the opening tail of 2008. Of the total expenditure, electrical and computer appliances grouping contributed the most, giving a total of HK$ 30 million. During this quarter of 2008, more(prenominal) than 1000 advertisers advertised their wares over the internet 5.5 billion internet-advertising impressions and 2800 campaigns. Previous studies show that advertising directly or indirectly influences the purchasing behavior of consumers. According to Charlesworth, customers with a fair outlook towards advertising are more likely to be influenced by advertising into making purchases (67-69). Undoubtedly, there are many types of advertisements, which p ot suffer use to advertise their products and services. Currently, internet advertising has proved to be the most effective method of marketing products. The emergence of the internet as a tool for marketing has so far proved to be one of the most effective methods of boosting consumer behavior. It is imperative to note that internet use began in 1980s and has since grown tremendously throughout the world. The emergence of new technologies such as fiber optics has even led to the emergence of business opportunities, but its use as well. All over the world, over 150 million people use internet for various purposes, and the numbers keep on increasing each day. Today, through internet, the world has become a global village where consumers use the smallest gadgetsmobile phonesto buy products and services (Faber, Lee, and Xiaoli 447). From internet banking to silver transfer to online purchasing, the internet has become a powerful device in the consumer industry. Various governments a re bad-tempered putting

Business Plan For Sunshine Bakery Essay Example for Free

Business Plan For temperateness bakeho consumption attemptsun Bakery allow be spoticular(prenominal)izing in visually attractive cupcakes and cakes. There has been a epochal increase in demand for whimsical, overindulgent and visually stimulating cakes, and Sunshine Bakery exit target special events such as weddings, birthdays, christenings, bachelorette parties and stork teas.The ProductsSunshine offers a wide range of speciality cakes. All the flavours will be available in both cupcakes or cakes. The different flavours on offer are vanilla, lemon, strawberry, chocolate, cheesecake, cherry unction and blue berry.CustomersSunshine will revolve around on three distinct customer segments. The first concourse is the wedding multitude. This segment is growing at 15% a year with 32,000 potential customers. The second quoin is the parties group. This segment is also growing at 15% with 14,200 potential people. The last group is the individual buyer (walk-in) group. This ni che also is growing at 15% with 48,000 possible customers.Management TeamRecognizing the importance of military personnel capital, Sunshine has assembled a strong management team. The team is led by Merlin remove. Merlin comes to Sunshine with 10 long time of baking experience. In addition to her industry specific experience, Merlin has had 2 years of management experience. Robert Morgan brings financial skills to Sunshine after a 15 year CPA career. Marlene Hendricks will lead story the marketing efforts having participated in her own PR firm. Lastly, Debbie Reitz will be on the team as an service baker with over five years of experience.ObjectivesTo establish a working storefront for Sunshine Bakery.To modernize the strong presence in the community needed to support sales goals. To develop a just menu by the end of the second quarter.MissionSunshine Bakery aims to be a hind end in the community creating aneighbourhood atmosphere where customers feel comfortable and become i nstant regulars.We judge fair and responsible profit, enough to keep the company financially healthy for the long term and to passably compensate owners and investors for their money and risk.Company SummarySunshine Bakery will be located in downtown Mellville in a historical building. This downtown district is a very usual stopping point because of the historical architecture for weekenders and tourists.Company OwnershipCurrently Sunshine Bakery is a sole proprietorship owned by Merlin Hull. Eventually, as the company becomes established, Sunshine Bakery will apply to be incorporated.Start-up SummaryThe primary expense to establish the Sunshine Bakery is the mortgage loan estimated at R1,750,000 to purchase the vacant space on 7th street. The building was previously used as a bakery and we plan to buy the used equipment along with the space. This cost is also calculated into the loan estimate. Merlin Hull intends to invest R70,500 of her savings to cover the other cost of sta rt-up.These costs includeAdvertising brochures.Bakery ingredients.Insurance.Bakery accessories, i.e. paper bags, cartons, etc.ProductsSunshine Bakery provides specialized cakes and cupcakes at premium prices for special occasions. The following flavours will be available vanilla, lemon, strawberry, chocolate, cheesecake, cherry cream and blue berry.Market Analysis SummaryOur focus will be to target weddings, birthday parties, Easter celebrations, bachelorette parties and stork teas.Market SegmentationOur target market consists of three groupsThe hook up with GroupThe wedding industry is booming and Sunshine bakery will focus on this group for whom a premium price can be charged for specialized and custom made cakes or cupcakes.The Parties GroupThis group will probably pre-order a variety of flavours, and it is not such a jab intensive order, because they will probably go for the less expensive option of choosing our standard products.The Individual purchaser or Walk-in GroupSunsh ines premises in the Bellville area, is a very popular destination because of the historical architecture for weekenders and tourists, which makes this segment a lucrative option. We will focus on window display to attract passersby.Target Market Segment StrategyIn our target market, we will in the main focus on the wedding group since they will spend the most per order. We expect that the parties and the individual buyer group will make up a smaller portion of our customers. We are specifically pickax the speciality cakes needs of the wedding group, so we expect the most business from this group.Industry AnalysisSunshine Bakery competes in the Food Services Industry. In addition to competing with other specialized cakes bakeries, it competes with all restaurants, delis, bakeries and supermarkets for a share of its customers food expense. Sunshine is most concerned with competitors who differentiate their products and services with a creative and arty focus. Because this group is so large, Sunshine has chosen to limit its analysis to other specialized cakes bakeries.Competition and purchase PatternsCurrently there are two bakeries in town that provide specialized cakesCupcakes from HeavenStrengths Stocks fresh baked cupcakes and cakes. Well-established bakery in town. Sells cakes in topical anaesthetic grocery stores. WeaknessesDoes not provide a wide selection of flavours. Furtherto a greater extent the texture and flavor of their cakes is very dense and lacks zest.Life is Beautiful PatisserieStrengths Makes cakes and brownies all(prenominal) day. Will make custom-ordered non- gluten cakes.Weaknesses Does not produce a wide selection or large sum of cupcakes. Their main focus is traditional flavour large cakes.Strategy and Implementation SummaryOur strategy focuses on serving a niche market with quality heavys. We are determined to become a part of the communityan establishment that becomes as much of the community as a church or local grocery store. To achieve these goals, we will provide the following Friendly, neighbourhood-feel atmosphereQuality baked goods for everyone to enjoy at a fair priceVisually attractive cakes and cupcakesumber sales will be high in winter months, and for spend months sales of sodas Competitive EdgeOur competitive edge is our quality of goods. We use only products of the highest quality that create incredible feathery cakes that cant be matched. We also focus mainly on whimsical and modern flavours and designs. The other bakeries in town focus on traditional flavours.Sales StrategyOur strategy focuses on building a customer base by providing good customer experience. With the addition of the coffee bar and lunch menu in early spring, we hope to fix customers make the bakery their one-stop destination for breakfast or lunch. In the summer, when we open the outdoor patio, more and more customers will make the bakery a destination for their lunches more often since the atmosphere will be so pleasin g.Sales ForecastOur sales forecast assumes the following changesCake sales in the summer months will be slightly higher since the wedding season is at its peak during summer months. Coffee sales will increaseduring winter months.Please insert a Sales forecast chart here, indicating the projected sales for 12 months.Management SummaryMerlin Hull is the founder of Sunshine Bakery. She brings to the bakery her experience as a baker and as an entrepreneur. She has worked as a baker for over 10 years including two years as an apprentice in a well-known Paris patisserie. As a teenager she helped her parents at the familys general store, both in sales and marketing. For her last two years at her familys store, she was the general employee manager. Her duties at the bakery will include employee hiring and training, head baker and store management. Robert Morgan has fertilise his own successful CPA consulting firm for 15 years. His duties will include the bookkeeping, inventory management and have a bun in the oven fulfilment. Marlene Hendricks runs her own PR company and will be assisting the Sunshine Bakery in its marketing campaigns on a part-time basis.

Women’s Influence on the Development of David Lurie’s Character (Coetzee, 1999) Essay Example for Free

Womens Influence on the Development of David Luries Character (Coetzee, 1999) EssayLuries own conclusion move this examination of the influence of women on his character The truth is, he had n of all time had much of an eye for rural look, despite all his reading of Wordsworth. Not much of an eye for anything except pretty girls, and where has that got him? (p. 218). Of course, the perplexity of where is rhetorical, provided the question of why the persona of the scholar no longer allowed him to indulge his eye forpretty girls was the central question in a novel focusing on changes in South Africa since 1994, when Apartheid ended. The scholar with an Eye for clean GirlsAs the simply boy in a house of loving women, whom he, in turn, loved, Lurie recognized that enough a handsome young spell made it easy for him to find responsive women (p. 7). Based on his age in 1999, 52 years, his age for choosing a c areer was in the late 1960s, when South African white society was s imilar to societies in the United States and Western European democracies at an earlier time. estimate the kind of career which would non only permit an obviously well-educated and intelligent young man to pursue his main interest in pretty girls, but also would enhance his ability to do so. Lurie probably would non realise been consciously aware of such a goal. However, on that point are decisions that are influenced by unconscious motives (Hunt Ellis, 2004).In South Africa, when Lurie chose a career, the persona of a scholar at universities and colleges was prize and brought a life of privilege. In a satire on academia that unintentionally mirrored Luries approach, anthropologist Ashley Montagu (1959) advised young academics in the United States to remember that your progress in Academe will depend not so much on your intellectual abilities than upon your skill as a personality that is, in the skill of displaying few assets in a convincing manner (p. 10), where a want of o riginal ideas constitutes not the least impediment to productive publication (p. 23).Lurie, afterwards a career stretching back a quarter of a centurypublished three books (Coetzee, 1999, p. 4) he knew were uninspired and recognized he had never been much of a t apieceer (p. 4). However, until Apartheid ended in 1994, the persona of a scholar was perfect for one who actually had only an interest in pretty girls (p. 218). As an attractive man in an esteemed profession, for decades the backbone of his life was a result of a magnetism where looking at a woman in a authentic way, with a certain intent, she would return his look (p. 7).The Women in Luries LifeThe little we exist of Luries first wife was revealed only in response to a question about her, a outline response that she was Dutch and returned to Holland after her divorce. We dont know how he felt when he conjoin her, but what seemed a genuine indifference and lack of interest suggested she was not an important influence on the development of his character.We know that he and his second wife, Rosalind, experienced passion His best memories were of Rosalinds long, pale eubstance thrashing this way and that in the throes of a pleasure that was hard to tell from pain (p. 187). He believed that what held them in concert was only that they were two sensualists (p. 187).However, regardless of her sensuality and of how old she might have been, she clearly would not have been described as a pretty girl but as a confident and autarkical woman who both had a mind and did not hesitate to express her thoughts. Her influence on Davids character might have been in his developing the ability to have non-sexual bloods with adult women, as manifest by his post-divorce relationship with her.Regarding Luries own belief about the influence of women on his character, he conclude that he was enriched by each of the hundreds of women in a life consisting of sex with women he has known on two continents, some from f ar away in time that he barely recognizes them (p. 192). Readers cannot know how each or any of the women enriched his life, but his choices were varied. Before Apartheid, pretty girls who were his students were easily seduced because scholars still were held in awe.When black African students gained admission charge to college educations, their experiences had not led them to idolize any white males, an attitude that spread to other students. When the exact for courses that could be applied in jobs after college was met, Luries institution, Cape Town University College, became Cape Technical University, and alternatively of being a professor of modern languages, he became a professor of communications (p. 7). With less access to young students, his women ranged from prostitutes to the unattractive, middle-aged country woman Bev, he described as almost waistless, like a squat little tub (p. 149).If one uses imagination in reading this novel, such scenes take on a gay tone. Anoth er example of visualization resulting in a scene turning comic occurred while Lurie actually was demonstrating a passion in creating a work of art as he wrote an opera about Teresa, the beautiful young countess who had been in love with Lord Byron.In the opera, he depict Teresa years after Byrons death when she had become unattractive, looking more like a savage . . . than an aristocrat (p. 181), relentlessly singing mio Byron (p. 183), resulting in comic imagery. The comic element was enhanced because While Lurie did know that Byron did not feel about Teresa as she thought he did, Coetzee did not write what he moldiness have known Byron wrote to a friend about his embarrassment when Teresa called out to me mio Byron in an audible samara (1819/2009). Sadly, Lurie himself came to realize that the opera was going nowhere.There is no action, no development and he has not the musical resources, the resources of nix to raise the opera off the monotonous track on which it has been run ning since the start (p. 214).Despite the comic imagery elicited when Lurie had sex with Bev, his relationship with her did influence his character. In working with Bev (at first to satisfy his daughter) at the clinic where there was no choice but to kill pathetic, unwanted animals, he became able to form considerate relationships with the animals. early in his life, one event clearly did influence the development of Luries character, the event of becoming a father. The first interactions in the novel between Lurie and his daughter, Lucy, made one conclude that the one unselfish relationship he had as a young man was the father/daughter one that began with Lucys birth. (It was not possible to find a reason for Coetzees obviously non-coincidental decision to have Lurie choose the guide water used in a series of rustic, romantic poems by the poet of Luries academic specialty, Wordsworth, 1798-1801/2009.)Her brutal mess up by black men (representing not racism, but Coetzees depicti on of the after-effects of ending Apartheid) most for certain shook him out of his lassitude, but did not influence his character in the sense that his obviously unselfish concern for her well-being and his efforts to protect her after the rape were not unexpected.In general, however, Luries character did not seem to change very much since the time he was a young man. Toward the end of the novel, after he was not permitted to watch Melanie in a performance, his behavior demonstrated the character he had from the beginning. aft(prenominal) having sex with a young prostitute, he feels contented So this is all it takes, he thinks. How could I ever have forgotten it? (p. 194). Perhaps the most interesting question about the novel was how Coetzee was able to make an essentially superficial man into a complex, absorbing, and sympathetic anti-hero.ReferencesByron, G. G. (1819). Lord Byrons letters and journals. Jeffrey D. Hoeper (Ed.). Retrieved March 17, 2009, from www.engphil.astate.ed u/ head/byron.html.Coetzee, J. M. (1999). Disgrace. New York Penguin.Hunt, R. R., Reed, H. C. (2004). Fundamentals of cognitive psychology. New York McGraw-Hill.Montagu, A. (1959). Up the ivy. New York Hawthorn.Wordsworth, W. (1798-1801). Lucy. Retrieved March 17, 2009, from www.poetry.archive.com/w/lucy/html.

Hr Policies of Ibm by Bal Essay Example for Free

Hr Policies of Ibm by Bal attemptAbout ibm IBM is a global technology and innovation company that stands for progress. With operations in over one hundred seventy countries, IBMers around the world invent and integrate hardware, software and services to help forward-thinking enterprises, institutions and people everywhere stick with in building a smarter planet. IBM has been present in India since 1992. The diversity and breadth of the entire IBM portfolio of research, consulting, solutions, services, systems and software, uniquely distinguishes IBM India from other(a) companies in the industry.IBM Indias solutions and services span both major industries including financial services, healthcare, government, automotive, telecommunications and education, among others. As a trusted furnish with wide-ranging service capabilities, IBM helps clients transform and succeed in challenging circumstances. IBM has been expanding its footprint in India and has a comportment in over 200 cities and towns across the country either directly or through its operose business partner net wrick.IBM India has clearly established itself as one of the leaders in the Indian selective information Technology (IT) Industry and continues to transform itself to align with global markets and geographies to grow this leadership position. Widely recognised as an employer of choice, IBM holds numerous awards for its industry-leading employment practices and policies. IBM has one of the largest professional imprintforces in the world today.And what we bring to market is the expertise of our people, a workforce which is responsive to market requirements, with the skills and expertise to deliver value to clients, is resilient to market forces and delivers strong leadership. IBM has contain its position as one of the Worlds Top Employers of Choice over these years because of its three-fold initiatives for the employees * competency Rigorous and ongoing career/skills development pro grams * Climate A challenging, empowering work environment, with world-class infrastructure * subtlety Sensitive to a global workforceThe attributes that qualify these 3Cs are the Top Reasons that people come to work at IBM. IBM HR Policies 1. Global employment standards At IBM, we have al carriages set high standards for the way we conduct business in areas from corporate and social responsibility to sound business ethics, including compliance with all applicable justnesss and regulations. These give birth Principles apply to all IBM employees. However, they are non meant to describe the full scope of IBM pitying resource policies or practices.More detailed statements of policies, procedures and practices are contained in documents such as the IBM Business Conduct Guidelines. Employees are required to stick with with all IBM policies, procedures and practices at all times and are responsible for consulting their care if they have any questions. Our goal is to ensure full c ompliance with these principles by IBM managers and employees. A companion to this document, the IBM supplier Conduct Principles, governs our relationships with and standards for IBM suppliers. . Forced or involuntary labor IBM go away not use forced or involuntary labor of any type (e. g. , forced, bonded, indentured or involuntary prison labor) employment is voluntary. 3. baby bird labor IBM will not use child labor. The term child refers to any employed individual under the age of 16, or under the age for completing compulsory education, or under the nominal age for employment in the country, whichever is greatest.We support the use of legitimate workplace apprenticeship, internship and other similar programs that comply with all laws and regulations applicable to such programs. 4. Wages and benefits IBM will, at a minimum, comply with all applicable salary and hour laws and regulations, including those relating to minimum wages, overtime hours, piece rates, nonexempt or ex emption classification and other elements of compensation, and depict legally mandated benefits. 5. Working hoursIBM will not exceed maximum hours of work prescribed by law and will appropriately compensate overtime. Employees will not be required to work more than 60 hours per workweek, including overtime, except in extraordinary business circumstances with their consent or where the nature of the position requires such work, as for exempt employees and employees in executive, managerial or professional positions. In countries where the maximum work week is shorter, that standard shall apply. Employees should be allowed at least one day off per seven-day week. 6.Nondiscrimination and harassment IBM will not discriminate in hiring, promotion, compensation of employees and employment practices on grounds of race, color, religion, age, nationality, social or ethnic origin, knowledgeable orientation, gender, gender identity or expression, marital status, pregnancy, political affili ation, disability or veteran status. IBM will lay down a work environment free of discrimination or harassment based on race, color, religion, gender, gender identity or expression, sexual orientation, national origin, disability, age or veteran status. . Respect and dignity IBM will treat all employees with respect and dignity and will not use corporal punishment, threats of violence or other forms of physical coercion or harassment. 8. Freedom of association IBM will respect the legal rights of its employees to get hitched with or to refrain from joining worker organizations, including labor organizations or trade unions. IBM complies with legal requirements worldwide regarding employee and third-party involvement.IBM prize the rights of employees to organize, and makes managers at all levels aware of those rights. The companys long-standing belief is that the interests of IBM and its employees are best served through a favorable, collaborative work environment with direct comm unication between employees and management. IBM endeavors to establish such favorable employment conditions, to promote positivist relationships between employees and managers, to facilitate employee communications, and to support employee development. 9. Health and experttyIBM will provide its employees with a safe and goodish workplace in compliance with all applicable laws and regulations. Consistent with these obligations, IBM will have and will go for effective programs that encompass things such as life safety, incident investigation, chemical safety, ergonomics, and will provide safe standards of health and safety in any housing and transportation provided for our employees by the company. 10. Protection of the environment IBM is affiliated to worldwide leadership in environmental protection.

Christian and Islamic Art Essay Example for Free

Christian and Muslim Art EssayChristian and Islamic Art The contrariety between Islamic art and Christian art is that Christian art is of human objects and forms while Islamic art portrays the meaning and reflection of things. Unlike Christian art, people do not appear on Islamic art. Unlike Christian art, Islam art does not include pictures and statues of Prophets and Gods. Christian art however, brings religious forms and images to life. It represents apparitional beliefs through illustrated scenes from the life of Jesus.It gives us images of biblical episodes and even carries on stories and images of those now deceased. The Catacombs (Christian burials) represents the final resting place for Christians. It represents last-ditch love, sacrifice and triumph. When I first entered into the Catacombs of Rome, I remember walking down into the catacomb and feeling bit restless as I was surrounded by darkness. It was dark, humid, smelly and yet, so beautiful There were religious carvings on the inside that almost looked like chalk drawings.The clearest memory I have is visiting the section where the martyrs were conceal and putting myself in their position. Would I have been so brave? In Islam, calligraphy is a major Islamic art form. Writing, books, geometry and patterns are most important. In Islam art, geography reflects the language of the world and most importantly, it reflects their spiritualism. A circle for example has no end and represents infinity. It represents never ending love. For Islam, the circle is a reminder that Allah is infinite.My Muslim brother-in-law, born in Lebanon, doesnt take pictures and explained to that in his culture, taking pictures of living forms is forbidden. They can take pictures of objects, scarcely not of pets or humans. Of course, in my culture we save pictures for memory keepsakes. After 7 years of marriage, he agreed to take a family picture with my sister and their three sons. It was a huge sacrifice in his part but this also explains how art, religion and culture have an influence on each other.

Creative Writing Essay Example for Free

Creative Writing EssayBrooke stood outside of his entrench now, leaning against the outside fence and smoking a cigarette. He inhaled and breathed out slowly, his eyes brimmed with tears as he stared up at the black sky, which every so often lit up with white light from an burst somewhere. He closed his eyes and he willed away the tears, merely rather than disappearing as he had hoped, they rolled down his dirty, pale cheeks and stung his rough lips. He watched indifferently as men went nates and forth carrying stretchers laden with moaning men with horrific injuries. Once they came by carrying a young boy who Brooke imagination could not have been any older than eighteen, he was coered in blood and had taken a serious blow to the head as he was blown brook by a nail landing nearby. He was still and unmoving as the stretcher-bearers hurried him back to the infirmary barracks. Finally, a serjeant-at-law named Truman tentatively approached him. Sir? Yes, what is it? , he r eplied wearily. Sir, Private Atkinson is hysterical sir, hes frightening the other men and Sergeant entrustiams cant check over him.Williams says can you please come, Sir? Brooke sighed. A deep long sigh. Yes all right, tell him Im coming. When the two men entered the trench all the men in the first battalion looked up with faces as dark as draw clouds and expressions which could melt a heart of stone. Brooke nodded at them as he strode past but they had no proceeds on him anymore. He marched straight up to where Atkinson and Williams were and sat down beside Atkinson. The boy lay shaking and murmuration, he was hugging himself and rocking back and forth with his eyes tightly shut.As Brooke sat down next to him his muttering became louder and louder until he was almost shouting it. Theres no place like home. Theres no place like home. Theres no place like home. Theres no place like home. He kept saying it over and over again. Tears streamed down his face and his movements be came more and more rigid. Brooke looked at Williams and then around the trench. Twenty faces stared back at him, watching his every move. He shivered. Atkinson? Atkinson, do you hear me? Atkinson nodded and continued muttering. Brooke noticed a giant red mark across the young boys right cheek.Did you do this? he snapped at Williams. Williams shake his head. Brookes abrupt grey eyes bore into him he nodded and looked away. Brooke glared at him then, slowly with all the gentleness of a breed caring for her child, reached out and lifted the shaking Atkinson up to lean against him. The boy buried his head in his commanding officers shoulder and grasped at his shirt, sobbing. Atkinson he said, then continuing in a kind but stern voice. David, control yourself. David, we are all scared, but we mustiness not let our emotions overcome us. Do you hear me? Yes Sir. Now, when you go home to your mother, you will meet a nice young girl whom you fuck very dearly and you will go on to spe nd the rest of your life with her. However, to do that you must first get through this. Now, you will survive this, but you have to try. Will you do that for me? Will you do that for your mother? Yes, Sir. As the train pulled into the country station a man, around twenty-three eld old stepped casually off and onto the platform. He breathed in deeply and looked around him everywhere he looked he saw smiling faces and happy families.Dark memories of war clouded his mind he shook them away and started at a brisk walk towards the town. He sat in the cool church watching the young couple stood at the altar beaming at each other. He listened to the vicar as he droned on, Do you David Atkinson take Anna Phillips? You see Thomas old chap? Life goes on.. Brooke thought to himself. capital of Seychelles Holland 11BM English Coursework Mrs Dukes Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written tack together of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Miscellaneous section.

Perceptions of African American Women Essay Example for Free

Perceptions of African American Women EssayI am taking some classes that will eventually qualify me to major in Astro Physics, or chemical substance engineering, I as well as want to work with NASA and tick off as an astronaut. It was amazing to know that Dr. Mae C. Jemison who happens to be the youngest of three children born to a middle class African American family, Charlie Jemison, a maintenance worker and his wife, Dorothy, a teacher. Dr. Mae C.Jemison was the first somber woman astronaut to be in space in an era filled with segregation and racism, she is a Chemical engineer, scientist, physician, teacher and astronaut, she has a wide range of experience in technology, engineering, and medical research. In addition to her extensive background in science, she is well-versed in African and African-American Studies, speaks fluent Russian, Japanese, and Swahili, as well as English and is trained in dance and choreography. Dr. Mae C.Jamison was an inspiration to me, and pr obably to many African American women. She was full of resilience and determination peculiarly to have reached and achieved success in an unusual field of endeavor for many African American women, I applaud her determination to make a difference among the African American women and blacks in Diaspora. After graduating from Morgan ballpark High School in 1973 at the age of 16, Dr. Mae Jemison earned a BS in Chemical Engineering from Stanford University, while also fulfilling the requirements for a BA in African-American Studies.After earning these degrees in 1977, she accompanied Cornell University and received a Doctor of Medicine degree in 1981. During medical school she traveled to Cuba, Kenya and Thailand, providing simple medical care to people living there. This is an indication of her humanitarian efforts and eagerness to reach out to the little privileged population. Having a desire to do more with her life, she enrolled in graduate classes in engineering and apply to N ASA for admission to the astronaut program.She was turned down on her first application, maybe because she is a black woman, scarcely she persevered and in 1987 was accepted on her act application. She became one of the fifteen candidates accepted from over 2,000 applicants. When Dr. Mae Jemison successfully undefiled her astronaut training program in August 1988, she became the fifth black astronaut and the first black female astronaut in NASA history. In completing her first space flight, Dr. Mae Jemison logged 190 hours, 30 minutes, 23 seconds in space, making her the first African-American woman in space.She says, I had to learn very previous(predicate) not to margin myself due to others limited imaginations. I have learned these days never to limit anyone else due to my limited imagination. This is an inspiration to other blacks in general who normally assume a second class citizen and believe that they will never do well or will be apprehended in whatever they do. This is a wake-up call, and manifestation of the saying Determination is the mother of invention. In 1993, Dr. Mae Jemison resigned from NASA and founded the Jemison Group, Inc.to research, rear and implement advanced technologies suited to the social, political, cultural and economic context of the individual, especially for the developing world. Current projects entangle Alpha, (TM) a satellite based telecommunication system to improve health care in westmost Africa and The Earth We Share, (TM) an inter topic science camp for students ages 12 to 16, that utilizes an experiential curriculum. Among her current projects are several that taper on improving healthcare in Africa. She is also a professor of environmental studies at Dartmouth College.Dr. Mae Jamison make a name for herself and name for blacks in general Her entrepreneurial spirit put her in the spotlight and acts as a boost to determined black men and women in Diaspora. Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf. It was quite surprising to w ithdraw around Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf, I know almost nothing about this monster and sissy of modern Africa who is right away the current president of Liberia. According to what I have read so far about this queen of Africa she was born In Monrovia, the capital of Liberia on October 29, 1938.During this period, Liberians had no clue that the First female president of an African country had been born into their mist. Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf is a daughter to descendents of original colonists of Liberia (ex-African slaves from America, who promptly on arrival set about enslaving the indigenous people using the social system of their old American masters as a basis for their new society). These descendents are known in Liberia as Americo-Liberians.From what I read, I noticed that Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf was real an intellectual power house, a charismatic leader and destined to make a change in Liberia and contribute her quota in Africa. From 1948 to 1955 Ellen Johnson studied accounts and economics at the College of West Africa in Monrovia. After marriage at the age of 17 to James Sirleaf, she travelled to America (in 1961) and continued her studies, achieving a degree from the University of Colorado. From 1969 to 1971 she read economics at Harvard, gaining a masters degree in cosmos administration.Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf then returned to Liberia and began working in William Tolberts (True Whig Party) government. Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf also served as Minister of Finance from 1972 to 73, but left after a disagreement over public spending, this is an indication of her prudence and will power. As the 70s progressed, life under Liberias one-party state became more polarized to the reach of the Americo-Liberian elite. On 12 April 1980 Master Sergeant Samuel Kayon Doe, a member of the indigenous Krahn ethnic group, seized power in a military coup.With the Peoples Redemption Council now in power, Samuel Doe began a purge of government. Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf narrowly escape choosing exile in Kenya. From 1983 to 1985 she served as Director of Citibank in Nairobi. I will say that Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf had a fold of courage, because it was quite unusual for a woman to challenge a dictatorial incumbent president in Africa without being kidnapped, tortured or killed in the process, although She was later sentenced to ten years in prison.Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf spent sightly a short time incarcerated, before being allowed to leave the country once again as an exile. During the 1980s she served as Vice President of both the African Regional Office of Citibank, in Nairobi, and of (HSCB) Equator Bank, in Washington. Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf played an active role in the transitional government as the country prepared for the 2005 elections, and eventually stood for president against her rival the ex-international footballer, George Manneh Weah.Despite the elections being called fair and orderly, Weah repudiated the result, which gave a majority to Johnson-Sirleaf , Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf eventually became Liberias first elective female president, as well as the first elected female president in the classic Africa. . In 2005 She established a Truth and Reconciliation Commission with a mandate to promote national peace, security, unity and reconciliation by investigating more than 20 years of civil conflict in the country and in November 2007, she received the United States Presidential Medal of Freedom, the U.S. governments highest civilian award. She is truly a giant and queen of modern Africa. References 1. http//space. about. com/cs/formerastronauts/a/jemisonbio. htm 2. http//www. k-grayengineeringeducation. com/blog/index. php/2008/09/12/first-african-american-women-in-space. 3. http//www. joinafrica. com/africa_of_the_week/ellenjohnsonliberia. htm.

Native Americans in the United States and Short Story Essay Example for Free

Native Americans in the United States and hornswoggle Story EssayNacirema The Body Ritual among the Nacirema is a short story about a essential American tribe. It wasnt until more research on my part that I realized that this tribe did not exist. In detail it is a folk tale told in mineworkers own words. In true form Miner gives hint to this short story the Nacirema culture to that of the our culture today. Nacirema is in fact spelled American(Culture). The Nacirema has a hero named Notgnihsaw spelled chapiter backwards. There are many similarities to this story as our American culture. Out of similarities Washington is our hero. He was the first President of the United States.Legend has it that Washington threw a silver-tongued dollar across the Potomac River, much like the Nacirema threw their native beads across their Pa-To-Mac River. Another story has Washington chopping rout a cherry tree. But did Washington actually chop the tree down? For he could not tell a lie. As Americans we watch rituals and cultural identities E really household has its shut in much like the Nacirema. Not all shrines are made alike. Is the shrine our homes, our churches, or our bathrooms? Shrines come in all walks of life. Miner gives the perception that the working class go to work and shamble money.If you commence very little money your home is small much like a tent. The more money you make the bigger your home is which is made of brick and mortar. He discuses a specific charm box built into the mole (medicine cabinet). Within this box is collection of magical potions (medicine) where all members of the tribe have faith that he/she cannot run short without. The most powerful of these are the medicine workforce, whose assistance must be rewarded with substantial gifts. However, the medicine men do not provide the curative potions for their clients, but decide what the ingredients should be and then write them down in an ancient and secret language.This writing i s understood only by the medicine men and by the herbalists who, for another gift, provide the required charm. (Miner) This indicates folks going to the doctor that write the prescriptions to filled by the pharmacy. Miner talks about how members bow theirs heads in front of the box much like that of washing our hands. The Catholics have a similar ritual of dipping of the fingers in the holy water and doing the sign of the cross(Holy water) or kneeling forward entering the pew(ReligionManners in). The Nacirema have a morbid fascination with their mouths.If it werent for the rituals of the mouth, they believed their odontiasis would fall out, their gums bleed. If these things would have happened they believed their lovers would disown them. The daily body ritual performed by everyone includes a mouth-rite. (Miner) This is much like the flossing or clash of our teeth. The floss or bristles on our tooth brush we use is similar to the hogs hairs. The magical powders is that of the tooth paste we brush our teeth with. Miner maintains that the Americans right of passage in ways to throw off the readers.Themes as visiting the doctor, surgical operations, and sex are talked about. I initially didnt take this story serious in interpreting it. After thorough research to get a better understanding of the writing I got a eye opening. This story reminds me much of a recent short story A Modest scheme. Both has similarities of rituals and tales of people. I come from a family of rituals with last names that carry on from family to family or precondition the middle name of your mother first name. We are all meeting the needs of our own tribes whether it be the Americans, Nacirema or Vietnamese into how each is stereotyped.

Consumer Behaviour- Soft Drink Industry Essay Example for Free

Consumer Behaviour- Soft Drink Industry hearIntroduction The diffuse drink industry in India is one of the to the highest degree competitive with many multinational and domestic players operating in the market. Initially domestic players like Parle group dominated the Indian wellhead-fixed drink market with bulls eyes like Thums up, Limca, Goldspot etc. However with the re-entry of MNC players like Pepsi in 1991 and Coca-Cola in 1993, the market took a decisive shift in favour of these MNCs and over the years Coca-Cola and Pepsi have become the prominent players in the market. Soft drinks can be principally classified into carbonated and non-carbonated.Carbonated drinks include sess, lowlife and o meanderness flavors while non carbonated drinks principally comprise of mango flavor. The carbonated cola crossroads constitute 60% of the comfortable drink market and three prominent injurys in this category are Pepsi, Coca-Cola and Thums up. Thums up was a brand from Par le until Coca-Cola bought it in 1993 and tried to kill it to push its own brand. But the loyal customers of Thums up never allow it die and the brand shut away is the leading brand in the Indian soft drink market. caller profile The Coca-Cola partnership The Coca-Cola Company is the worlds largest beverage company. The companys best cognize product Coca-Cola was invented by John Stith Pemberton in 1886. The Coca-Cola formula and brand was bought in 1889 by Asa Candler who incorporated the Coca-Cola Company in 1892. Coca-Cola currently offers nearly 400 brands in over 200 countries or territories and serves 1. 5 cardinal servings each day. The Coca-Cola Company is headquarte redness in Atlanta, Georgia. Its current chairman and CEO is Muhtar Kent.Coca-Cola was the leading soft drink brand in India until 1977 when it left sort of than reveal its formula to the government and reduce its equity stake as required under the Foreign Exchange Regulation Act (FERA) which governed the operations of foreign companies in India. later on a 16-year absence, Coca-Cola returned to India in 1993, cementing its presence with a deal that gave Coca-Cola ownership of the nations top soft-drink brands and bottling network. snows acquisition of local popular Indian brands including Thums.Up (the more or less placeed brand in India), Limca, Maaza, Citra and Gold public eye provided not however physical manufacturing, bottling, and distribution assets but also powerful consumer preference. This combination of local and worldwide brands enabled Coca-Cola to exploit the benefits of global branding and global trends in tastes while also tapping into traditional domestic markets. From 1993 to 2003, Coca-Cola invested more(prenominal) than US$1 billion in India, making it one of the countrys top internationalistic investors.By 2003, Coca-Cola India had won the prestigious Woodruf Cup from among 22 divisions of the Company based on three across-the-board parameters of vol ume, profitability, and quality. Coca-Cola India achieved 39% volume growth in 2002 while the industry grew 23% nationally and the Company reached breakeven profitability in the region for the first judgment of conviction. Encouraged by its 2002 performance, Coca-Cola India announced plans to double its capacity at an investing of $125 million (Rs.750 crore) between September 2002 and March 2003.Coca-Cola India produced its beverages with 7,000 local employees at its twenty-seven wholly-owned bottling operations supplemented by seventeen franchisee-owned bottling operations and a network of twenty-nine contract-packers to manufacture a range of products for the company. The complete manufacturing transition had a documented quality control and assurance program including over 400 tests performed through break the process.The complexness of the consumer soft drink market demanded a distribution process to support 700,000 retail outlets serviced by a fleet that includes 10-ton tru cks, open-bay three wheelers, and trademarked tricycles and pushcarts that were used to navigate the narrow alleyways of the cities. In addition to its own employees, Coke indirectly created employment for another 125,000 Indians through its procurement, supply, and distribution networks.Sanjiv Gupta, President and CEO of Coca-Cola India, joined Coke in 1997 as Vice President, Marketing and was instrumental to the companys success in developing a brand relevant to the Indian consumer and in tapping Indias vast rural market potential. Following his trade responsibilities, Gupta served as Head of Operations for Company-owned bottling operations and so as Deputy President. Product Range The product range of Coca-Cola includes beverages like * Coca-Cola The parent brand of Coca-Cola Company, Coca-Cola has a truly remarkable heritage.The worlds ducky drink. * Thums Up Strong Cola taste. Thums Up is a leading sparkling soft drink and most trusted brand in Indian soft drink market. * Sp rite A global drawing card in the lemon lime category, it is second largest sparkling beverage Brand in India. Sprite with its cut-thru perspective has managed to be a true teen icon. Sprites all active being true to yourself and living by the simple and honest code of your own instincts. No more. no less. * Fanta Over the years Fanta has occupied a strong market place and is identified as The diversion Catalyst.Perceived as a fun youth brand, Fanta stands for its vibrant color, tempting taste and prickling bubbles. * Limca Lime n lemoni Limca can cast a tangy refreshing spell on anyone, anywhere. born(p) in 1971, Limca has remained unchallenged as the No. 1 Sparkling drink in the Cloudy lemon segment. * Minute Maid Pulpy Orange One of worlds largest juice drink brands. Eliminated 80% of the water in orange juice, forming a frozen concentrate that when reconstituted created orange juice. * Maaza Imagine the delicious fruit, mango tree bottled.This is what Maaza is all about. U niversally loved for its taste, color, thickness, Maaza is the mango lovers first choice. * Kinley Mineral water, a passion quencher that refreshes, a life giving force that washes all the toxins away. * Georgia Introduced in 2004, the GEORGIA Gold range of Tea and Coffee beverages is the perfect solution for your office and restaurant needs. Product Information Thums Up background knowledge Thums Up is a carbonated soft drink (cola) popular and largest selling brand in India where its bold, red thumbs up logo is common.During the late 1970s, the American cola behemoth Coca-Cola abandoned operations in India rather than make a forced sale of 60% of their equity to an Indian company. Following this, the Parle brothers, Ramesh Chauhan and Prakash Chauhan, along with then CEO Bhanu Vakil, launched Thums Up as their flagship drink, adding to their portfolio of older brands Limca (lime flavor) and Gold Spot (orange flavor). Thums Up was basically a cola drink, but the company never cl aimed it as such. The formula was just as closely guarded as the famous Coke formula.Thums Up enjoyed a near monopoly with a much stronger market region frequently overshadowing its other rivals like Coca-Colas Campa cola, Double seven and Dukes, but there were many small regional players who had their own market. It even withstood liquor giant United Breweries Group (makers of Kingfisher Beer) Mcdowells Crush, which was another Cola drink, and Double Cola. In 1990, when the Indian government opened the market to multinationals, Pepsi was the first to come in. Thums Up went up against the international giant for an intense onslaught with neither side giving any quarter.With Pepsi roping in major Indian movie stars like Juhi Chawla, to thwart the Indian brand, Thums Up increased its spending on Cricket sponsorship. wherefore the capacity went from 250ml to 300ml, aptly gaind MahaCola. This nickname gained popularity in smaller towns where people would ask for Maha Cola instead of Thums Up. The consumers were split up where some felt Pepsis mild taste was rather bland. In 1993 Coca-Cola re-entered India after a lengthen absence from 1977 to 1993. But Coca-Colas entry made things even more complicated and the fight became a three-way battle.That same year, in a move that baffled many, Parle sold out to Coke for a meager US$ 60 million (considering the market share it had). Now Coca-Colas, and Coke has a role of killing brands in its portfolio that might overshadow it. Coca-Cola soon introduced its cola in cans which was all the rage in India, with Thums Up introduced alongside, albeit in minuscule numbers. Later Coca-Cola started pulling out the Thums Up brand which at that time still had more than 30% market share.Despite its strong overall equity, the brand Thums Up was losing its popularity among the stub cola drinking age group of 12 to 25 year olds, partly due to nought advertising. Coca-Cola apparently did try to kill Thums Up, but soon realized th at Pepsi would benefit more than Coke if Thums Up was withdrawn from the market. Instead, Coke decided to use Thums Up to attack Pepsi. The Coca-Cola Company by this time had about 60. 5% share of the Indian soft-drink market but much to its dismay found out that if it took out Thums Up, it would remain with only 28.72% of the market (according to a report by NGO FinanceTrade in India), thusly it once again dusted out the Thums Up brand and re-launched it targeting the 30 to 45 year olds. The brand was re- baffleed as a manly drink, drawing on its strong taste qualities. Known to be a strong drink with more power packed into it than other colas, Thums Up kick-started an aggressive campaign directly assail Pepsis TV ads, focusing on the potentiality of the drink hoping that the depiction of an adult drink would pull to young consumers. Grow up to Thums Up was a successful campaign.The brands market share and equity soared. The brand was unshakeable and Coca-Colas declaration that Thums Up was Indias premier cola brand in terms of market share did not surprise many. Other campaigns from Thums Up build on its strength and its perception as a macho drink. Ads showing the Thums Up man, riding through the desert in search of a cantina that sells Thums Up rather than drink another cola, stuck in the minds of many Indians and caught the imagination of youngsters who urgency to be seen as men. 4 Ps of Marketing Mix for Thums Up.Product Thums Up is know for its strong, fizzy taste and its confident, mature and uniquely masculine attitude. This brand clearly seeks to separate the men from the boys. drink offered by the company in the size of * SSRB (Standard size returnable bottle) * PET (600 ml, 1. 5 liter credit card bottle) * CANS (tin pack 330 ml) Price Thums Up has adopted contest based pricing and so the prices are comparable to that of other cola drinks. 1. Glass Bottles 200ml, 300ml Rs 12. 00 onwards 2. PET Bottles 600ml, 1500ml, 2 ltrs, 2. 25 ltrs. R s 25. 00 onwards 3. Can 330ml Rs 35. 00 45. 00 4. bound Customized Rs 15. 00-35. 00 can go upto Rs 60. 00 in movie halls Company offers discount on prices or extra touchstone of cold drink during festive seasons and winter seasons. Place Thums Up has a strong distribution transport to make the product addressable in the market any time, and maintain optimum level of stemma in the market. It covers the rural part also to increase the customer reach. The soft drink is made available at all the possible convenient locations to the customers local area grocery shops, hotels, restaurants, movie halls, multiplexes, shopping malls, supermarkets vendition machines, fountain outlets.Promotion Thums Up has consistently built its sales promotion through various techniques like, cover taste tests, sponsoring exciting events and sports, conducting various contests (win a motor bike contest), etc. Also its ads are designed to create excitement and to communicate the macho personality o f the brand. An ad campaign of Thums Up where Akshay Kumar (its brand ambassador since 2003) performs the extreme sport of parkour to grab his bottle of Thums Up from a suggestively attractive lady. Taste the Thunder has been the most breakthrough communication campaign for the brand.It stands for masculinity that has constantly been redefined over the years. Competition Thums Up went from being the only cola in the cantina to facing competition from both Coca-Cola and Pepsi. Twenty-six years later its still a top cola in India and is one of the strongest brands in the country across categories. The brand names positive associations of victory, achievement and celebration are apparently merited as it continues to do well despite a challenging landscape. Thums Ups first competition came in the form of Campa Cola. in that location were allegations of aggressive exchanges between the two brands at street level but Thums Up (owned by Parle at the time) apparently won the battle bot h on the ground and in the consumers mind. Campa Cola cease in 2000 (only to re-emerge as less of a challenger in 2002 from Pure Drinks New Delhi). For a short while Thums Ups strong taste enjoyed success across the country with just now any competition the brand reigned supreme in the cola market. Currently Thums Up is facing competition from lots of brands coming in the soft drink industry and still it has maintained its top position in the minds of Indian consumers.Today, an Indian consumer sees Thums Up as a unique brand personality which no other brand has acquired in the soft drink industry. Conclusion Thums Up is amongst the oldest domestic brands in soft drinks industry in India and it is the most popular and trusted brands in India. Thums Up enjoyed a near monopoly in India with a much stronger market share till 1990s. But with the advent of Pepsi (1992) and Coca Cola (1993), Thums Up started facing stiff competition. In 1993, Parle sold out to Coke and Thums Up became the brand of Coca-Cola Company.Though Coca-Cola tried to kill Thums-Up to build its own brand, it sooner realized the importance of Thums Up to survive in the Indian market to beat its core competitor Pepsi. Today Thums Up has grown its image from just a soft drink to a lot more for Indian consumers. It has established itself as a rattling(a) brand with strong taste and which communicates maturity, daring and excitement to its consumers. Thums Up has consistently maintained honesty and trust with its consumers and thats why it is still the number one cola brand in the country.

Galactic type Essay Example for Free

Galactic type EssayGalaxies fire be explained as massive corpses of stars, dust, gas as well as other types of matter that atomic number 18 bound together by gravitational forces to form a single physical mass. As Binney and Merrifield (1998 p 34) explain, on the basis of extensive imaging surveys that have been carried out, it is estimated that there argon more than 40 billion galaxies in the universe, that ar spread out in a multifactorial large-scale systems for example, clusters, super-clusters. There ar also boundaries of huge empty spaces referred to as voids. The sun is just part of extragalactic nebula called the Milky Way. This galaxy is a much flattened scroll galaxy that could be comprised by more than 400 billions stars. done the use of telescopes, it is possible to view these galaxies. Gravitational Lenses Gravitational lenses can be described as galaxies and clusters of galaxies, which ar so huge that they cause bends to the route of light objects toward s their directions, thus they distort the forms of backdrop galaxies into curves as well as rings.At times these gravitational lenses can even lead to photos of galaxies and quasars to be seen in symmetrical outlines around them. However much(prenominal) cosmetic arrangement is very rare and only occurs in out of a thousand elliptical galaxies. beetleweed merges It has been noted that galaxies comes together to create merges. In such a case galaxies can merge in two different ways. One is through forming stars, and the indorse way is by merging together. Basing on the present theories of how galaxies are formed, it is expected that they are must be extensive merging going on.In fact, there are many examples to attests this point. However, it is very hard to consistently measure the extent of merging that is happening it calls for huge samples and keen measuring machines and eyes. (http//www. galaxymenagerie. org/science) Understanding these galaxies is a monumental part of conte mporary astronomy. Galaxies are basic units of matter within the space, and explaining the way they are formed as well as how they have achieved their present form is very critical for unhomogeneous aspects in astronomy. and so it is significant to note that what is presently known regarding galaxies started with just a simple compartmentalization of how the galaxies appeared through the photos interpreted using huge observatory telescopes. From these photos, galaxies present a broad diversity of forms, or shapes and can fundamentally be divided into various classes just want living things are classified. Classification of galaxy ocular galaxy classification has continued to be helpful at a moment when galaxies still are not better understood.Classification of galaxies offers an outline for more studies and proposes a sound approach to studying these complex galaxies. Classification of galaxies Binney and Merrifield (1998 pp 36) tells us that, different stratagems have been for mulated to bring some order to galactic zoo this has been done through pigeonholing galaxies in relation to one or various properties that include shape, lighter and spectrum. This section has listed some galaxy classification. Hubble classification The well known and mostly use general object of galaxy classification is the Hubble classification.In this classification, galaxies are classified according to how they appear. This system was formulated by Edwin Hubble, and it splits the galaxies into coiling (normal as well as barred), elliptical and irregulars. This precis is characterized by the well known turning-fork figure. Elliptical galaxies are further grouped from spherical (E0) to highly elongated (E7) in relation to their increasing eccentricity. Generally, spirals vary from Sa (those with arms closely wound) to SBc (those with arms extensively spaced). Irregulars are referred to as Ir.However, Alan Sandage added an extra category to this initial scheme. What was added is S0 for describing lenticular system that has a nucleus that is surrounded by a circle-like structure that does not have spiral arms. because Buta, Corwin and Odewahn (2002, p, 3) explains that, Galaxies are as well usually termed as early for those fixd as E and S0 or to be late for those designated as Sb, Sb and Irr, in essence this is a remainder of early ideas that galaxies physically evolved on board the Hubble order.Sadly, this classification is contrary to that of the leading stellar population among these types, and it is also contrary to the early-late classification used in the Yerkes nomenclature. The figure bellow shows some of the galaxy classifications Source http//www. daviddarling. info/encyclopedia/G/galaxies. html Morgan classification William Morgan also formulated a scheme of classifying galaxies that applies the integrated spectrum of stars and their shapes (apparent and real) together with the degree of the galaxy central concentration.This scheme spells ou t the galactic spectral form as, a af fg g gk or k (the letter/s corresponds to the various integrated stellar forms). There are other form used for example, S for spiral B for barred spiral E for elliptical structure L for low surface lighting and N for tiny bright nucleus. Numbers are used to classifying the inclination line of vision, thus, 1 is used for face on while 7 is used for edge-on (numbers 1 to 7 are used). Accordingly, Andromeda Galaxy classification is as kS5De Vaucouleurs-Sandage classification In this classification, SA designates ordinary spirals, while SB designates barred spirals. Then a lower case s in brackets designates S-shaped spirals. Alternatively r will designate ringed shape. Lastly, various transitional phases have been incorporated surrounded by SA spirals and Magellanic irregulars Im. Thus using this classification, Andromeda Galaxy is classified as Sa (s) b. Van den Bergh (DDD) classification This classification comprises two parameters.The first on e is galactic type (this are Sa Sb Sc and Ir). The second parameter is the luminosity class (designated as I, II, III, IV and V). Just like the MKK structure of stellar luminosity classification, the notations S- as well as S+ are applied to designate sub-giant species that have low or high resolution, correspondingly. S (B) notation has created to designate objects that are intermediate between real spirals and the barred spirals. ConclusionGalaxy classification is very useful since it provides a lot of cortical potential information on physical aspects of galaxies. In classifying galaxies, there are various schemes that are used however, the scheme formulated by Edwin Hubble though revised over the years still remains the most widely used. Classification of galaxy has laid down the foundation of future study in understanding the galaxies. by correct classification we gain better understanding of these complex galaxies and indeed of our universe. ReferenceBinney, Joseph and Morr ison Merrifield Galactic uranology Princeton Princeton University Press, 1998 pp 34-37 Buta, Ronald Howard Corwin and Stephen Odewahn Galaxy classification Cambridge University Press, 2002, p 2-4 Galaxy Zoo The Science Accessed from http//www. galaxyzoo. org/science on 12/6/2009 Galaxy Zoo (2009) The Story So Far Accessed from http//www. galaxyzoo. org/story on 12/6/2009 The network Encyclopedia of science Galaxy classification Accessed from http//www. daviddarling. info/encyclopedia/G/galaxies. html on 12/6/2009