Polar Bears Warming Up to Climate Change Essay

The way the balls climate has been changing is a precise hot egress among scientists today. Some believe it to be caused by the hides inherent geothermal development and part of the normal change that the planet should be undergoing. Others contradict these claims by saying that adult manlys own inventions and un decent use of fossil fuels has been aggravating the inwrought thermal changes. Environmentalists further influence the general public to act towards helping preserve earth because mans activities argon not just diminish human extract further of his co-planetary habitants as well. north- frosty Bears Hierarchy in the north- icy ground north- pivotal bears ar realizen to be the worlds largest footing predator. (Briggs, 2003, par. 9) Adult egg-producing(prenominal)s normally weigh 330 to 550 pounds plainly males base be as heavy as 775 to 1500 pounds. ( diametrical Bears International, 2008, par. 4) frosty bears, as can be shown in the Food Chain Model b elow, argon on top of the sustenance chain in the arctic regions and feed on ringed seals and walruses. paired BearBeluga Ringed Seal Thick-Billed Murres WalrusBowheaded Whale prophylactic Cod Arctic TernZooplanktonSource appellative DiscoverySchool Lesson Plan, p. 3Phytoplankton Although military man clear taken it upon themselves to cargon for their environment, sharing province is not always easy. There used to be concerns between Norway and Russia, as to who should be responsible for the care of the Ursus maritimus or diametric bear since they can be found in both countries. A study make by Mette Mauritzen (2002) and her colleagues used beam telemetry to obtain data from 105 female polar bears over a dozen of years and the results showed that the different sub universe of discourses in the different locations are all part of one continuous polar bear tribe. This means that both countries need to share management responsibility for the species. global melt and the Ar ctic Many scientists are saying that the menstruum state of international warm is overly fast. Some say that it allow for only take around 50 years before the applesauce in the Arctic go away melt trance others say it whitethorn take around light speed years. The length of time is ir applic able because the indispens fitness of combating world(prenominal) warming can truly be seen with its predicted and already on-going effects. harmonize to NASA Engineer Josefino C. Comiso (2003), his satellite observations show that the twenty year reduce in situ surface temperature is eight times larger than the 100 year ab liberatege which means that the sea is warming overmuch faster than normal. He too presumes that by the year 2050, the trumpery lying over the continental shelf would be dis beatd into the polar basin.Polar Bears and Global Warming According to an clause written by Eric Chivian (2001) entitled Environment and health Species loss and ecosystem fluster the implications for human health, global climate change, stratospheric ozone depletion, and the negative results of other man-make activities stake biodiversity, notwithstanding it is the degradation, reduction and fragmentation of habitats that is the greatest threat. According to a very extensive study made by Andrew Derocher, Nicholas Lunn and Ian Stirling (2004) entitled Polar Bears in a Warming Climate, factors such as the decreasing area of Arctic Sea Ice, lessened multiyear icing the puck, timing of ice formation or break-up, denning, movements of the bears on the sea ice, quantity of prey, human-polar bear interactions and pollution all combine to ex confront the survival of the species.Arctic Sea Ice According to the IUCN/ Species Survival armorial bearing Polar Bear Specialist Group (2002, pp. 21-35), polar bears apply been able to occupy sea ice habitats throughout the Arctic with its population estimated at 21,500 to 25,000. Arctic Sea Ice are used by polar bears t o transport themselves over the water to prey on seals. Lessening the corking turn of arctic ice would greatly propel the victuals resource of the species. come Multiyear Ice According to a previous report by Comiso (2002b cited in Derocher, 2004) the ice cover in the Arctic is already declining at the com perplexe of 9% every ten years which means that the ice whitethorn be all gone in just one cardinal years. Since polar bears are fully dependent on their icy habitat, losing the ice can lead to their extinction.Timing of Ice Formation and its Break Up One of the basic things that will be affected by global warming would be the cycle of break-up and freezing of the annual ice in the arctic. Some scientists believe that global warming affects the cycle by do the ice break up in the first place annually while delaying its freeze.In Canadas Western Hudson Bay, the annual ice break-up is observe to be occurring approximately 2.5 weeks earlier than 3 decades ago. (Stirling, e t.al. cited in Derocher, 2004) This is important because when the ice breaks sooner, the polar bears have shortened time to feed on seals which can greatly affect the conditions of their bodies throughout the year. Their bodies would not have been able to get enough of the prolific they would need for their four-month fast. According to other studies previously done by Derocher and Stirling (1995b cited in Derocher, 2004), adult polar bears lose around .85 to .90 kilograms of body mass casual during fasts. With the abrupt breaking of ice that would end feeding period earlier and the delayed freezing, polar bears will lose their weight abnormally referable to the longer time they need to fast.Although it may seem trivial, this has a remarkable effect on the pregnant polar bears. If these female pregnant polar bears fall beyond 189 kilograms of weight due to the long fasting period, chances of delivering the rookie become nil.Denning Female polar bears have favorite places to den. To reach these places, the ice cycles should be regular to be able to help these bears reach their destinations on time. Also, with the ice melting and making the area farther to swim to, it is becoming difficult for polar bears to reach their favorite locations. There are few subspecies that do may not be particular with their den locations because they are able to den on aimless multiyear ice. These polar bears are currently able to raise the cubs well. However, with global warming affecting the multiyear ice, these bears may have to be on the floating ice longer than needful which means more than zip fastener wasted. This can likewise be prejudicial to the cubs which are not heretofore fully developed and equipped to give-up the ghost the weary conditions. If this happens, then global warming will affect the population because of the cubs that can be lost due to the conditions mentioned. For polar bear populations that select to go back to their maternity dens, anothe r problem that could threaten their natural activity would be that while the planet warms, the flora and fauna in the area would also be drier making these prone to fire. warm dens with fire-risks are not suitable for pregnant polar bears and their cubs.Movements of Polar Bears on the Sea Ice Because of warmer sea temperatures and an amplification in sea winds due to global warming, sea ice will thin slow and this may cause this major transportation for polar bears to become cranky or drift faster. If it moves much faster, the species would need to spend more energy in reaching their preferred locations. Although polar bears love to swim, using too much energy can also cause poor health and reproduction for the polar bears. Observations also note that polar bears move to bring in when sea ice quantity goes below half of its normal number. This could be because more energy is spent moving on top of drifting ice compared to walking on solid icy ground. A decrease in the number o f sea ice drifting also lessens the opportunities to race for more prey.Availability of Prey A decrease in sea ice has its effects on the productivity of seals, which are the main nourishment of polar bears. Seals rely on sea ice for their maternity activities, lessening the quantity of sea ice drifting due to global warming will also lessen the population of seals. There were observations in 1979 that warmer temperatures and rain down resulted to the easy uncovering of seal pup l picnics that made it thrice easier for polar bears to catch them. (Hammil and Smith, 1991 cited in Derocher, 2004) If this can become a trend wherein in warmer temperatures will cause the earlier onset of rain which will wash away the protection of seal pups, then, it is also viable that the population of ringed seals will decline as newborns are prone less chances of survival. Polar bears rely on sea ice to be able to catch seals. Lessening the number of sea ice would also decrease its opportunities to catch the prey. Very few polar bears have been observed to have enough ability to catch its prey in cave in waters. The species may have more luck in getting their food when walrus or seals are hauled out on terrestrial habitats but only few individuals of the species are known to have this ability. Another vista that needs to be discussed is the way the polar bears eat their prey. The adult male polar bears prefer the blubber of their prey and usually leave much of the protein behind (Stirling and McEwan, 1975 cited in Derocher, 2004) for younger polar bears who are not yet good in catching prey. With global warming altering the food sources and the way polar bears spend their energy, there will likely be less left-over food for the younger generations of cubs to eat which can decrease the population size.Human Bear Interactions So far, human and polar bear interactions have been relatively few because of the difference of habitat these species share. However, if global warmin g will cause the ice to melt and lessen the current quantity of food, the bears may have to wander nearer human dwellings for their own chances of survival. However, this can be fatal for both species because humans may have to get rid of the polar bear for protection or else the bear will treat the human its prey. More human interaction will also increase the polar bears exposure to pollutants which can affect its population.Remediation Program Polar bears have been under the protection of the different regimes their habitats are found. There are already laws in place to ban hunting except for scientific purposes and changes in marine transportation routes to lessen the pollution that can scupper the species. However, global warming is still an snub that can be split up addressed by the public. Although more and more advocates have been trying their scoop to cause enough awareness about the problem of greenhouse gases, a good remediation program for the polar bears would be d ependent on a good program against global warming. The greenhouse effect of global warming is said to be caused by methane and ampere-second dioxide which form a tier in the atmosphere. This layer keeps the heat organism produced within the earth from going out of the planet under normal atmospheric circumstances. carbon paper dioxide is a natural gas humans and animals excrete when they process group O while methane is released into the atmosphere when the earth is being dug up. Polluted air from vehicles are also carbon dioxide emissions that hasten the greenhouse effect. There are other sources of global warming such as the destruction of the ozone layer due to mans use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), over population while decreasing tropical rain forests, etc. To help stunt the pestilential effects of global warming, people and disposals must put aside monetary gains and demerits because not only do the polar bears need to survive but man as well. There are already many pr ograms being done by different environmentalists like the International Union for saving of Nature (IUCN), Humane Society of the United States and International fund for brute Welfare to help lessen the threats on polar bear survival. Global warming has already been addressed world-wide and one of the contracts that had never been fully implemented is the Kyoto Protocol. Many countries including the United States and United Kingdom have signed and concord to the terms of the bargain wherein the member governments will bring down their carbon dioxide emissions to levels safer for humans and other creatures alike. According to the treaty, these nations would also exchange technologies that could help plagiarise the problems of global warming. However, the U.S. and other countries failed to implement it and continue to bypass the promises made during the intend of this pact. Therefore, I believe that remediation programs are already in place but these need the sincerity of govern ments, especially the ones powerful frugalally, to succeed. Beyond government efforts, individuals can truly help force governments to fulfill their environmental obligations by lobbying for the implementation of the Kyoto Protocol and other environmental issues. In 2006, Julius Kenneth Ningu and his colleagues made a report on how the North American Free affair musical arrangement (NAFTA) was creating negative effects on Mexicos environment. According to the report, the country had good environmental policies in place and the government was strict in implementing it until the agreement forced it into an economic crisis. In just a few years, the government had to relax on its environmental policies to enable private corporations to weather the economic crisis and for the country to be able to meet the standards of the agreement. By 2002, the costs of environmental degradation amounted to 65,934 million dollars but the expenses made to protect the environment was only 3,473 millio n dollars. Governments must therefore also be forced to put into place stricter laws that would protect the environment (not only of their own country but of the countries they deal with for capital growth). Lessening use of fossil fuel is a must and the public must support the new inventions being made that would help decrease the problem of global warming. Spending more capital on machines that produce cleaner air may be more expensive but worthwhile in terms of survival.Scientific Debates Polar bears are very cool in their own habitat and nave to how scientists continually debate on whether they are going towards extinction or not. Some believe that climate change will not pose substantial problems with polar bear species survival while a relevant population in the scientific community believes that the melting of the ice in these mammals habitat will threaten their public. The U.S. Senate has already debunked the idea that polar bears are going towards extinction because of re ports that the polar bear population is at its highest bang as of the current years and that research already shows that the species can was able to withstand the interglacial period which was much warmer . (US Senate, 2008)Conclusion The survival of polar bears may not be a big issue as of the moment because it can actually be true that they can survive even worse temperatures. However, global warming is not just an issue worth noting for polar bear survival but for human existence as well. Governments must find the will to implement the laws that they already know are correct to be able to help all humans survive. It is only through the sincere will of strong and economically constant governments that a cool change can really be met.ReferencesAssignment Discovery School Lesson Plan. (n.d.). Retrieved April 2, 2008, from http//school.discoveryeducation.com/lessonplans/pdf/biomes_wildarctic/biomes_wildarc tic.pdf.Briggs, H. (2003). Polar Bear Extinct Within 100 Years. BBC News, Sc ience/Nature. Retrieved April 2, 2008 from http//news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/2642773.stm.Chivian, E. (2001). Environment and health 7. Species loss and ecosystem disruption the implications for human health. Canadian Medical Association daybook, Vol. 164 (3). 365- 369.Comiso, J. (2003). Warming Trends in the Arctic from Clear Sky Satellite Observations. Journalof Climate, Vol. (21), pp. 3498-3510.Derocher, A., Lunn, N.J. and Stirling, I. (2004). Polar Bears in a Warming Climate. Integrative and Comparative Biology 2004 44(2),163-176.IUCN/SSC Polar Bear Specialist Group. (2002) In N. J. Lunn, S. Schliebe, and E. W. Born (eds.), Polar bears Proceedings of the thirteenth Working Meeting of the IUCN Polar Bear Specialist Group. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, U.K.Mauritzen, M., Derocher, A.E., Wiig, O., Belikov, S.E., Boltunov, A.N., Hansen, E., et.al. (2002). Using satellite telemetry to define spatial population structure in polar bears in the Norwegian and western Russian Arctic. Journal of Applied Ecology 39 (1) , 7990.Ningu, J.K., Jacome, J.T., Silva Gomez, S.E. and Aviles, R.P. (2006). The Effects of North America Free Trade Agreement on Mexican Environmental Policy (1994-2004). American Journal of Environmental Sciences Vol. 2(1). Pp. 5-8.Polar Bears International. (2008). About the Polar Bear. Retrieved April 2, 2008, from http//www.polarbearsinternational.org/bear-facts/about-the-polar-bear/U.S. Senate Environment and Public plant Committee. (2008). U.S. Senate Report DebunksPolar Bear Extinction Fears. Retrieved April 2, 2008, from http//epw.senate.gov/public/index.cfm?FuseAction=Minority.Facts&ContentRecord_id=cb2faa9c-802a-23ad-4bcc-29bb94ceb993.

Extreme Parenting

original P atomic number 18nting There is a small fry who is neer allowed to flow a sleep over or accept a playdate. A nipper that must continuously practice the violin, do home run low, and is neer allowed any free time to do as she pleases. This is the child of an peak enkindle. P arnting methods have long been a rout of controversy, still a raw trend in get uping called Tiger parenting whitethorn be the most contentious of today. The method of peak parenting or parents that go to extreme lengths to give their children a head start over their peers f get offpot actually be sort of detrimental to a childs proper development.Extreme parenting is visited effective by somewhat but, ineffective and bordering on abusive by others. Extreme parents, as hale up kn possess as Tiger parents, go beyond normal extremes to induce their children to succeed. They do this by forcing their children to disuniteicipate and excel in a authorized activity. They often handling harsh punishment for failure, but believe that their actions fall a damp their children. They are different from the typical parent because of how they define their childs succeeder and happiness.According to the word Key Events in the History of Extreme Parenting from Facts On File the release of Amy Chuas book skirmish Hymn of the Tiger commence in January 2011 sparked a debate between people who see Amy Chaus extreme parenting style as essential to help children reach their profuse potential and those who think it borders on child abuse. (Key Events) The subject of extreme parenting is a sensitive one in which many people have truly stiff and differing opinions. Most people agree that children need orbit in their screws but the line between what is appropriate and what is not has been blurred.Both extreme and permissive parents believe that their style of parenting is what is best for a childs ad hominem growth. An extreme parent is precise involved with their childs tone and often take ins all of their conclusions for them. These parents volition use harsh disciple to donjon their child in line. A permissive parent allows their child to have a great deal of freedom and lead use heavy(p)ly a(prenominal) or no forms of discipline. Both kinds of parents, of course, believe that their track is the best. What harm or good hindquarters come from a parent beingness overly throwling or demanding of their child is the main dilemma for parents.Another main theater of operations of discrepancy is what each kind of parent considers abusive behavior. In an article by C. J. Newton, a study specia magnetic dip, he helps to distinguish exactly what constitutes randy child abuse. The National Center on Child Abuse and remissness describes it as acts or omissions by the parents or other caregivers that have caused, or could cause, serious behavioral, cognitive, emotional, or mental disorders. The article then goes on to list the various kinds of abuse. These include belittling, coldness, cruelty, harassment, isolating, and rejecting. Newton) However, not all parents whitethorn agree with this description of abuse or feel that the benefits still outweigh the faults. The children of Tiger parents may be good at civilise, sports, or play instruments but on that point are definite drawbacks. Many different studies and masss have been conducted on the subject and they have all come up with very negative results. I also conducted a survey on extreme parenting. The survey was stipulation to 50 random students who are currently members of Professor Van Ecks English 250 class at Ferris submit University.The results of this survey were also well critical of extreme parenting. Tiger parenting is exceedingly rough on children and can hurt them psychologically and emotionally. The lasting scars that this parenting style inflicts on children can neer measure up to the benefits. Supporters of extreme parenting say what many people consider advanced-pressure or extreme parenting techniques are just a part of good, responsible parenting. Amy Chau is the Chinese American fuss of two little girls and the author of Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother.In her book she describes how she raise her daughters in what she calls the Traditional Chinese way. At the beginning the first chapter Chau lists of some of the things her daughters where never allowed to do. These include attend a sleepover, have a playdate, be in a tutor play, complain rough not being in a school play, watch tv or play computer games, choose their own extracurricular activities, get any grade less than an A, and not be the No. 1 student in every subject impart out gym and drama. (3-4) One common form of discipline extreme parents use is vital.According to the article Corporal Punishment on Facts on File more(prenominal) than than 90% of parents admit to having spanked their children and between 60% and 70%, admit to beat up them re gularly. The article goes on to point out how critics of spanking think it is outrages that children bear the only people in America who may be legally beaten. (Corporal) However, most of the students in my survey found spanking to be an welcome form of discipline. The three forms they objected to were slapping, verbal insults, and yelling. I completely agree with these results.None aggressive forms of discipline are the best kind. This is one of the main reasons extreme parenting is inappropriate. A parent should discipline their child with punishments much(prenominal) as time-outs, groundings and taking by their privileges. Spanking is the only exception but, should only be employed for exceptional circumstances. It is difficult to say exactly what constitutes an appropriate time to spank your child. However, spanking a child should never be a regular natural event and a parent must always be in witness of their emotions while doing it.If a parent must spank their child re gularly it may begin to bite abusive and is obviously not amend the problem. A more relaxed parenting style is better for building childrens self-confidence, because the children see that their parents sexual love does not depend on their academic victor. When a parent is ever focalizeed on their childs academic success the child will begin to feel they are not good adequate for their parent. Obviously, this is will hurt their self-esteem a plenteousness. Tiger parents see their spunk love approach as preparing their child for whatever the world throws at them.Yet, According to the article by Pinky McKay, the mother of five, an International climb on Certified Lactation Consultant (IBCLC) and a Certified Infant abrase Instructor, when parents comfort their crying babies it actually helps teach their brains to manage stress well. This is establish on a recent studies that show leaving babies to cry altogether increases their stress hormones. This abandonment could also t rine children to have stress disorders much(prenominal) as panic, anxiety and depression later in life. (McKay) plot of land the children in this article are very young it proves that tough love is not always the best technique.A parent needs to always life their child. They should move their child to succeed but, in an encouraging manner. Extreme parenting encourages conformity but not creativity. These extreme parents make every big close for their child. By controlling their every move they do not allow them do discover their own interest or abilities. My parents were rigorous but in no way extreme. When it came to being punished, often just the threat of a punishment would be enough. They set up an environment were certain rules and behaviors had to be abided by. My siblings and I knew what the consequences of our bad behavior would be.Simply having clearly defined rules lead us to be, for the most part, well behaved children. When it came to extracurricular activities are parents did not control are decisions at all. Because they allowed us this freedom we all became very unique individuals with varying interests. For example my one brother was in a lot of sports and enjoyed being active. My other brother never played any sports, but was in every school play. Strict parents have a very control idea of what constitutes success and set their children up for failure. Most extreme parents focus on their childs academic achievement.This causes their children to see academic success as the only kind of success. Therefore, if they do not do well in school they are complete failures at life. Yan sun has been a professor of political science at the City University of New York since 1992 and has published two books as well as numerous academic papers about China. Suns article in The New York clock describes wherefore in China there is such a strong emphasis on education. She explains that it originated from a tradition of preparing the best and brighte st for the challenging royal exams.Today, this strict parenting is fueled by parents concerns about academic competition and schoolmaster opportunities. The gaokao, a college entrance exam has even been known to push students to suicide. Sun concludes by discussing how to a fault much parental guidance can lead to a loss in creativity, individuality, and leadership skills. (Sun) The most alarming part of this article is how students have committed suicide because of an exam. This just goes to show how too much emphasis on academics can end disastrously.These students obviously truism academics as the only kind of success and if they couldnt do well on the exam then they had no reason to live. This is an extremely pensive and untrue belief. conquestful adults are not always the ones who excelled in school. Success comes in many different forms and in many different ways. An pure example of someone who was prosperous without academics is Mark Zuckerburg. He is the CEO of Face book and the youngest billionaire in the world. Zuckerburg attended Harvard University for two years before dropping out to moreover develop his social networking site Facebook.If his parents had been extreme parents they would have never allowed him to leave Harvard to pursue his entrepreneurial dreams, and we might not have Facebook. His father encourages parents to support their childrens strengths and passions with a balance of work and play. Just because a child is prospering at school does not mean they will be palmy at life. The new trend called Tiger parenting is notorious for being harsh, still these parents insist that they do it for the betterment of the child. However, a recent study indicates that this extreme parenting is a lot tougher on children then these parents may realize.According to an article by Stephanie Pappas, a Houston-based science writer with a Bachelor of arts in psychology and a minor in medical humanities, Desiree Baolian Qin, a professor in the department of human development and family studies at Michigan State University, conducted a series of studies to evaluate the effects of Tiger parenting on children. To do this she compared Chinese-American ninth graders with European-American ninth-graders at the same highly competitive U. S. school. Qin explained that strict parenting and high academic achievement are common in Chinese immigrant families.She sight that the Chinese students reported higher levels of conflict in their families, mainly just about education, and lower levels of cohesion. These students were also more stressed and depressed than their American classmates, and showed lower self-esteem. Qin concluded that the more conflict and less cohesion in a teens family, the more samely they were to have poor mental health. When the students were inquireed many complained that their parents constantly talked about academics, reacted passionately to their failures, and regularly compared them to other high achie vers, such as their old siblings.The results for this study speak for themselves. Both the American and Chinese students were considered high achievers, but the Chinese students showed a considerably larger descend of issues. There is a big cultural difference between Hesperian and Chinese parenting styles. Tiger or Chinese parents usually consider themselves to be superior to western parents. They feel that their strict parenting style helps their child be successful. However, the results from this study indicate that Western and Chinese parenting styles lead to equally successful children.The only difference is that the Chinese students feel a lot more pressure and thus have more mental issues such as depression and anxiety. After, looking at these results it is hard for one to say that Chinese parents are really superior. In fact, these results imply that Tiger parenting does a lot more harm than good for a child. These Chinese children may turn out to be very successful adults but it is not necessary to use such harsh parenting. Children may become agoraphobic of their parents because of their strict rules and even begin to hide things. Tiger parents say it is not their strain to be their childs friend.However, they cannot be a proper parent if their child is scared of them. Lylah M. Alphonse is a senior editor and writer at Yahoo s Shine and a Boston-based journalist, writer, editor, and blogger. In one of Alphonses articles she gives her point of view on extreme parenting used by mothers like Amy Chau. Alphonse describes how Chau once threw a birthday card in her daughters face and told her it wasnt good enough. After describing this situation she poses a very good question That kind of motivation rarely works on an adult. So why is it OK to talk like that to a child? (Alphonse) This kind of discipline is undoubtedly very hurtful towards the child. When a child constantly fears that they will disappoint their parents it could cause them to pull away . They may not tell their parents about a problem they are having because they fear their reaction. This can be very dangerous for the child. Children need to be able to confide in their parents. For example, they may be struggling in school but are afraid to tell their parents. This could lead to them falling even farther behind. Because Tiger parents control every aspect of their childs life, they become dependent on their parents.These children count on their parents to make every decision for them and thus miss the vital skill of decision making. Over 68% of the students in my survey said that they believed strict parenting leads to less confident children. These extreme parents may help steer their children in the right direction but they wont always be there to make their decisions for them. Being able to make big decisions is not easy but it is a skill everyone should have. Because these parent structure every part of the childs life they are not properly prepared to live on their own as adults.One of the hardest decisions I have had to make is what career field to enter into. While my parents helped me to make this decision by making suggestions and guiding me the end decision was ultimately mine. An extreme parent may even make this decision for their child. However, it is not their decision to make because it is the child who must live with the results of it. In the end It is better for a child to be contented, than successful. Author Kate Wharmby Seldman is the wellness and Entertainment Editor at Opposing Views and she reported on some very extreme parenting in one of her articles.The article is about a saucer pageant mother in San Francisco who regularly injects her eight-year-old daughter with botulinum toxin A to get rid of wrinkles, so she can compete in beauty pageants. The mother claims this helps her daughter gain an edge in beauty pageants. (Seldman) This mother is not your typical kind of extreme parent. She is not pushing her daughter in school but, in beauty pageants. Many will likely agree that what this mother is doing is very extreme. While giving her daughter these injections may give her a leg up in these competitions it cannot be gratifying to receive them.Nobody likes to get shots, especially not little girls. Plus, her daughter is so young it can have little effect anyway. This mother is do her daughter unnecessary pain and raising her daughter to have an extremely skewed sense of self-worth. Personally, I would choose happiness over success any day. Perhaps the worst result of extreme parenting is that the bad memories will stay with the child forever. Lac Su is an executive for TalentSmart, a global think armored combat vehicle and management consulting firm and a writer after 5 p. m. and on the weekends.In an article written by Su he shares his own personal construe with being the child of tiger parents. He begins his article with stating how horrified he was after reading about Amy Chau new book . Su describes how he was also raised by tiger parents and that still today he bears the wounds from it. Sus parents would constantly remind him that he was stupid because he didnt excel at school and forbid him to spend time with friends no matter how hard he worked. Perhaps the most terrifying story he tells is how his parents would vehemence him to eat the brain of a cow every weekend in an attempt to cure his stupidity.Su ends his article with a plea to Chau saying, I would wad every last bit of my success in life to live without the deep wounds given to me by a Tiger Mother. (Su) Childhood vexs govern our lives and stay with us forever. Some of my fondest memories are from when I was a kid. I can hark back playing outside with my siblings almost every day. We dog-tired most of our time in the woods behind are house, exploring and playing games. Even so, my siblings and I all did well in school. We knew that we could play as long as we wanted to, as long as we spotless o ur work first.Simply put childhood is the time to be a child. Extreme parents are ruining this precious time for their children. They are so bear on about their childrens future that they sacrifice the happiness and carefree experience of being a child. You only get to be young once. Parents shouldnt spoil this experience for their children. In conclusion, extreme parenting is simply too extreme and should be avoided by parents. There is no one perfect way to raise a child, nor is there a perfect parent. Nevertheless, certain parenting techniques should never be used. Tiger parenting may get results but, it is not the only way.A happy child does not spend all their time practicing the violin, doing their homework and learning to speak a foreign language. It is much easier to order someone to work harder when they are struggling, than to talk with them about why they are having problems and try to chance on a solution. It is okay for a parent to have high expectations for their chi ld but they should convey those expectations in a caring and lov ing way. Discipline can be extremely beneficial to a child but too much will do the opposite. The most important thing to remember is that a child must still be allowed to be a child.

Peter Stark Essay

Summary of Starks articlePeter Starks article As Freezing Persons Recollect The deoxycytidine monophosphateFirst shudderThen StuporThen The Letting go the cold unsaid facts of freezing to death talks and explains what happens to the human body when a soul is freezing to death and it also gives an enjoyable story for the reader. The constitution in this story is in his way to a friends house for dinner and night cross country ski when his landrover slides off the road and gets stuck in a snow bank. Stark make it clear that his character was not panicked at first but just simply worried about(predicate) missing the dinner with his friends. non wanting to miss his plans the character puts his skis on, looks at the mathematical function, and heads to the cabin on precede of the hill. While this story is unfolding Stark includes scientific entropy about the lowest core temperature a human can have ahead perishing. The character wants to save time by going up the assimilate hi ll instead of following the road that has many switch screenings this is when everything starts to go wrong.The character goes for about an hour with no sign of the road, while assessing the map he hears a metallic pop and a piece of his stick to has popped out. The character is trying to find the piece of his binding and while he does this his body temperature begins to lower after finding the piece his core temperature has move a substantial amount. The character has now started to panic and decides to go back to the jeep and its warmth on his way down he locomote and lands pretty hard and he is feeling very tired so decides to rest. The rest of the story goes on with him losing and gaining conciseness but his body is similarly weak to get up and move on and more data about core temperatures and hypothermia. The friends find the character in the snow one-half naked but he isnt dead he has a faint heart beat so they take him to the hospital and the reinstate brings up his cor e temperature. The character survives. Stark, Peter.As Freezing Persons Recollect The SnowFirst ChillThen StuporThen The Letting go the cold hard facts of freezing to death. Outside magazine. Outside online. January 1997.web 26.aug. 2010

Literary Analysis of Robin Goodfellow in A Midsummer Night’s Dream Essay

Numerous scholars who examine and analyze the comedy of A Midsummer Nights Dream by W vertiginousiam Shakespeare point to hockey puck as the intimately signifi after partt character in the round. Although Shakespeare masks hockey pucks important role in the comedy by hiding him amongst the more powerful characters, it becomes apparent that pucks mischievous attitude and set for creating chaos are what moves the play along without a designated climax (The Comedies A Midsummer Nights Dream). puck is premiere introduced in Act II Scene I when a fairy notions pucks infamy by inquiring to him, Either I slue your shape and making quite, Or else you are that cunning and knavish poof called Robin Goodfellow (II. i. 33-35). The fact that Puck is especially known for his efficiency to change do to dis position, and likewise, foreshadows the idea of Puck playing an important role in the inevitable chaos and subsequent order between both the mortals and the fairies.Puck, the shrewd a nd knavish fairy assistant to Oberon, plays and undeniably important part in the constant battle between order and disorder in A Midsummer Nights Dream through his intentional antics, comedic mistakes, and bend relationship with both fairies and mortals. The names Robin Goodfellow and Puck were used in traditional fairy lore me as a sobriquet for the devil. The difficult persona of Puck reflects his name indubitably.One of the predominant characteristics of Puck is his ability to create disorder, where he first displays this nature in Act II Scene II when he mistakes Lysander for Demetrius and anoints his eyes with a heat potion. When Lysander wakes up, he immediately drop curtains in love with Helena, discarding his true love, Hermia, by saying, take care off, thou cat, thou burr Vile thing, let loose ( third. ii. 270). Pucks next act of mischief in the play is direct towards Nick Bottom and Titania, when he transforms Bottoms head into that of a burro in order to cause Titani a, who was under a love potion, to fall madly in love with him upon her awakening.He expresses his gleeful attitude towards the situating by declaring, My mistress with a monster is in love (III. ii. 6). When listening to Pucks dialogue between other characters in the play, one can observe that Puck enjoys bringing about chaos to mortals in order to entertain himself and his master, Oberon, just as Philostrate organizes entertainment for his master, Theseus (Puck Through the Ages). That organism said, Robin also plays a major part in locomote order to the turmoil he formerly caused.In Act III Scene II, at the height of the confusion in which all quartet Athenian lovers along with Titania and Bottom were affected by magic, Puck begins his campaign to mend the discord. First, he squeezes the love potion into Demetrius eyes in order to get him to fall in love with Helena. Then, Puck casts a thick fog on the forest and imitates both Lysander and Demetrius voices to get all foursome l overs to wander near each other without noticing and sleep.Once asleep, Robin squeezes the love potion once more on Lysanders eyes and declares a amends to order by saying, Jack shall have Jill, Nought shall go ill The man shall have his mare again, and all shall be well (III. ii. 461-63). By using the same kind of mischief that caused the disorder in the first place, Puck was able to harness its power and fix the conflict to fix peace again. Through his manipulation and mischief, Robin Goodfellow was able to conjure up both order and disorder in order to entertain himself, his master, and everyone who hears the play.Furthermore, he moved the play along without a climax by repair the reality that the play contained. Puck even left the audience in confusion when he gave the last word, saying that us the readers could decide for ourselves if the play was real or not. These contributions alone are why Puck is considered the most important character and why the play itself makes sense , is a comedy, and is still a classic example of literature today.

Musical lyrics and writing inspired by music should be studied as literature

Musical lyrics and makeup inspired by medical specialty should be study as literary productions. This is because just like literature euphony is designed either fictionally or factually. It also incorporates symbolisms, themes and many more that has connections with literature. Artists who are melodicly inclined also uses feelings and present events to guide them in writing musical composition. From here one can say that music and literature intertwines. The emotion of the composer is reflected on his craft just like writers and poets on the flavour of literature. The most common literature bodies that can be linked in a flash to musical lyrics are those of poetry.This is because just like poems, music has rhymes and intonations and often reflects an political orientation from the artist. It also exposes something that is timely depending on the current events. There are musical writings that imply radical thoughts during war and there are musical lyrics that give a romant ic notion for composer who are in love. both(prenominal) musical lyrics and literature serves as an inspiration to many people. Lyrics should be studied as a literature to easily grasp the message and at the same time find out if the piece is based on fiction or fact.

Focus Point Holdings Berhad Essay

FOCUS POINT HOLDINGS BERHADIntroductionThis case analyzes the effect of think commove Holdings Berhad pecuniary dodging on the firms in operation(p) activities and financial performance. counselling headway Holdings Berhad is an investment property fraternity that engages in the operation of lord eye administer centers in Malaysia. The political party is in any case involved in the trading of eyewear and eye plow products management of privileged professional eye c ar centers pro dream of medical eye c atomic number 18 serve provision of food and beverages services trading of hearing aid solutions and tie in accessories and retail of optical and related products. It operates 175 professional eye c be centers under the concentrate quest, Focus Point Optical City, Opulence, eyefont, ExcelView, Solariz, and Focus Point Signature brand lifts, each serving a different merchandise segment.This Malaysian home grown optical broth was established in 1989 as Focus Vision Ca re Center. In 1993, it became a mystic limited company and in 2010, a state-supported entity. Financial dodgeWith the understanding that the fundamental success of a dodge depends on a realistic internal view of its core competencies and sustainable competitive advantages, the company translated its vision and mission statements to pursue its economic objectives. Vision To become a leading brand in Asia through our focus approach in vision care Mission To allow consumers with the best vision care and eyewear services as well as to uphold the highest standards in reliability, smell and profesionalism The company arrived at two major decisions, that is, to go public and to franchise the store. 1Going PublicThe companys decision to go for listing on August 23, 2010 is a financial strategy that raised RM16.07 million of which 8.94 million was channeled into expansion plans and upgrading and refurbishment of the existing eyecare centers. The company pursued the market penetration growth strategy, aimed at change magnitude market trade for existing products orservices in existing markets. The focus of growth was on expansion of new outlets, upgrading and refurbishment of existing outlets and expansion of brand eyewear products. FranchisingFranchising enabled the company to improve on its economies of scale due to its size, brand name and experience. At the same time, it provided the company with the key advantage of incremental income with borderline capital expenditure in the setting up of new outlets. revenue contributed by the franchising model mainly comprises of sales of eyewear and eye care products to their franchises and royal house fees which are based on 5% of gross turnover of the individual franchisees outlets, and franchise fees payable by franchisees which amount to RM30,000 for a intent of 5 years.The franchise agreements gestural between the group and their franchisees are legitimate for a compass point of 5 years, with an option to re new for an other fivesome years with the same franchise fees of RM30,000 payable over the extended 5 year period. To rear the success of this strategy, a Memorandum of Collaboration was signed between the companys management and Permodalan Nasional Berhad to facilitate backing for Bumiputera franchisees. The company in any case collaborated with Maybank on a similar loan scheme for non-Bumiputera franchisees.2Inter statealizationIn the same year as its initial public offering, Focus Point Holdings Berhad began to pursue its overseas expansion by fountain its first franchise overseas outlet in Brunei. The companys internationalization effort accelerated the openings of franchises in other south-east Asian countries such as Singapore, Cambodia, Vietnam, Indonesia and Thailand. The first-mover advantage gave the company the edge, especially in highly-populated countries standardised Vietnam and Cambodia where consumer spending power was increasing in tandem with their growing eco nomies.On the other hand, Singapores economy provided an opportunity for thecompany to speculation into high-end market for professional eye-care services.Effect Of Strategy On Operating ActivitiesBy going public, the company was able to collaborate with and convince financial institutions and agencies to provide franchising loans to interested franchisees. Access to financing and the strong presence in the nation resulted in an increase in the number of outlets from the pre initial offering total of one hundred thirty outlets to 136 outlets in 2011. In 2012, the group has 170 outlets in of which 85 are wholly owned outlets and 85 are franchised outlets. The company cordial kinship with local and international principals and the close working relationship with departmental stores had also allowed the group to secure good premises and maintain Focus Points leading position in the market. The overseas franchise communication channel is growing with Brunei alone operating 6 franchi sed outlets.The money raised from IPO that is used for expansion plan and upgrading outlets has helped inefforts to foster greater node relations.This is vital for long term line of worksustainability as data indicated an increasing target universe. With the median age of the population increasing, it is expected that the number of population with eye disorder will also3increase. The global vision care market is expected to grow by 4.4% over the period of 2010 2017.Effect Of Strategy On Financial PerformanceThe IPO exercise, financing facilities for franchisees and internationalization have contributed to a higher revenue and better boilers suit financial performance as shown4PBT Profit before appraisePAT Profit after taxThe above financial highlights showed thatthe financial performance of Focus PointHoldings Berhad is stronger after going public and fetching on aggresive marketing activities to generate increased business volumes. However, the groups venture into the food & beverage (F&B) segment in the last arse of 2012 has affected the groups profit, earnings and 5dividends per share. The investment in the fast growing F&B segment is expected to enhance the groups revenue stream and profitability in a longer term. Companys Performance Versus IndustryThe overall train of competition among operators in the professional eye care industry in Malaysia is high as there are many players competing in the industry. As in many retail businesses, there is a low bar to entry into the operation of professional eye care centres.However, there is privation of industry peers to benchmark as there are no other competitors that are directly comparable to Focus Point Holdings Berhad. Many of the competitors are smaller outlets, independently owned and run by the owners. The nearest competitor locally is England Optical Group with similar growth strategy store expansion, franchising and internationalization. England Optical Group operates 131 outlets, 120 in Mal aysia, 10 in china and 1 in Cambodia. With reportedly 10% market share of the local optical industry, Focus Point Holdings Berhad is currently the market leader in the industry. Market share among competitors are widely dispersed with each holding a smaller percentage of the market.ConclusionA financial strategy analysis helps department heads review external and internal elements affecting a company and how such elements impact short-term and long-term activities. There are never any guarantees for business success, but creating financial strategies gives any businessdirection and guidance.For Focus Point Holdings Berhad, to ensuresustainability, the group increased the informant of income to include food and beverage, in addition to income from eyewear and eye care and franchising. overall the company is on the6right track, focusing on renewing and product development, market expansion especially in untapped regional markets and maintaining a good public image.7ReferencesBende r, R. , & Ward, K. (2003). Corporate financial strategy (2nd ed.). Burlington, MA Butterworth-HeinemannFocus Point Annual Report 2010Focus Point Annual Report 2011Focus Point Annual Report 2012Irene, Y. (2010). Focus point targets local and overseas market expansion after listing, Kuala Lumpur The Star.com.myLee, A. (2010). Focus point braces for future challenges. Kuala Lumpur The Star.com.my Lee, KS. (2010). Focus point plans forays into South-East Asia. Kuala Lumpur The Star.co.mypassword Focus Point to expand via franchising. (2003). Retrieved from Malaysian Franchise Association http//www.mfa.org.my/?franchise-newsfocus-point-to-expand-viafranchising2C00C881V1

The Battle of Cajamarca: an End to an Empire in South America

The Battle of Cajamarca an end to an Empire in S discloseh the States New World Spanish conquistador Francisco Pizarro (c. 1475 June 26, 1541) seized Incan emperor Atahualpa (pictured c. 1502 August 29, 1533) later on victory at Cajamarca, Peru. Pizarro had just 168 men and Atahualpa had 80,000 battle-hardened soldiers who had recently discomfited an innate enemy. However, the Spaniards had iron swords, guns, horses and armour, which the Incas did non. The result one of historys most incredible battles, and it was all everyplace in one afternoon.Atahualpa (or Atahuallpa Atabalipa) (ah-ta-oo-al-pa), was the13th and final emperor of the Incan Empire. He was a younger son of the Incan ruler Huayna Capac and an Ecuadorian princess of the Quito although non the legitimate heir, he seems to train been the favourite. When Huayna Capac died (c. 1527), the kingdom was divided between Atahualpa, who control the northern part of the empire from Quito, and his half-brother Huascar, the legitimate heir, who ruled from Cuzco, the spateed-down Inca majuscule.Contemporary chroniclers depicted Atahualpa as courageous, ambitious, and very popular with the army. In 1532 he was celebrating his victory in a devastating war of accession with his senior half-brother. He had been embroiled in war with Huascar for control of the whole Incan Empire. The war ravaged Inca cities, wreaked havoc on the economy, and decimated the population. Early in 1532, secure Cuzco, while Pizarro was making his way to Atahualpas heartland, the army of the Incan lord had defeated Huascars army in what was probably the expectantest of any Incan military machine engagement to date.Atahualpa tr for each oneerously captured his half-brother and his family and later had them executed, while Atahualpa was himself a prisoner of Pizarro. (As Huascar had been something of an ally to the Spanish, his half-brothers actions were later cited as a cause of the treatment Pizarro meted out to Atahualpa. ) In November, while the newly victorious Atahualpa and his battle-hardened army of 80,000 were relaxing with the thermal springs in the town of Cajamarca, before their planned triumphal entry into Cuzco, Francisco Pizarro entered the urban center with a force of 168. Atahualpa got wind of the incursion.History was about to change in a most dramatic way. On November 15, as the Spanish mess moved close to Cajamarca, they tortured a few natives and discovered that Atahualpa was waiting for them at Cajamarca. Bravely, Governor Pizarros army moved towards the Incan town, and saw a beautiful place filled with so many tents that the soldiers were filled with fear. Hernando Pizarro, the leaders brother, bringing close togetherd the number of Incan soldiers at 40,000, but an eyewitness wrote that he gave this estimate in order to calm his comrades there were in fact more than than 80,000.Meanwhile, most of Pizarros men were hidden around the main court of justice of Cajamarca. Atahualp a ambushed Invited by the Spaniard to attend a feast in his honour, the Inca chief accepted. The conterminous solar day, he arrived at the appointed meeting place with several m unarmed retainers Pizarro, prompted by the example of Hernan Cortes and Moctezuma in Mexico, had prepared an ambush. The next day at around noon, Atahualpa appeared in the town centre, carried on a litter, or palanquin, borne by 80 Incan noblemen in rich blue livery, and with a retinue of 2,000 Indians sweeping the road before him.An eyewitness wrote Then came a number of men with armour, large metal plates, and crowns of florid and silver which they bore, that it was a marvel to ob inspection and repair how the sun glinted on it. Atahualpa was also surrounded by his warriors, many thousands of them. One of the Spaniards who was present wrote Atahualpa himself was very richly dressed, with his crown on his head and a collar of large emeralds around his neck. He sit down on a small stool with a rich sh oot down cushion resting on his litter. The litter was lined with parrot feathers of many colour and decorated with plates of lucky and silver Governor Pizarro now sent beggar Vicente de Valverde to go to speak to Atahualpa, and to require Atahualpa in the name of God and of the nance of Spain that Atahualpa subject himself to the law of our Lord Jesus Christ and to the service of His highness the King of Spain. The priest advanced with a cross in one hand and the Bible in the other hand, and going among the Indian troops up to the place where Atahualpa was Atahualpa asked for the Book, that he might look at it, and the Friar gave it to him closed.Atahualpa did not know how to open the Book, and the Friar was extending his arm to do so, when Atahualpa, in great anger, gave him a blow on the arm, not wishing that the Book should be opened. Then he opened it himself, and, without any astonishment at the earn and paper he threw it away from him five or six paces, his governance a deep crimson. The Friar returned to Pizarro, shouting, postdate out Come out, Christians Come at these enemy dogs who reject the things of God . Why remain civilised and servile towards this over-proud dog when the plains are skilful of Indians? March out against him, for I absolve you It has been reported that Atahualpa asked Friar Vicente on what authority he acted, and the mendicant told him it derived from the playscript he was holding. The Incan emperor then commanded Give me the book so that it can speak to me. Atahualpa, holding the book next to his ear, act to listen to its pages. Finally he asked Why doesnt the book say anything to me? and defiantly and disdainfully threw it to the ground. On the friars command ( preferably than Pizarros), the Spanish soldiers emerged from the porticoes around the square and blast into the crowds of unarmed warriors and citizens. Seven thousand slainJust several hours of bally(a) battle ensued, with the conquistadors having the technological advantage. By evening, Pizarro and his men had killed 7,000 Indians yet lost not one of their own merry men. Later, Pizarro said to Atahualpa through an interpreter When you have seen the errors in which you live, you will understand the good that we have done you by coming to your land Our Lord permitted that your pride should be brought low and that no Indian should be able to offend a Christian. During the melee, Pizarro had personally grabbed Atahualpa from his litter, career out the Spanish war cry (Santiago , or St crowd together ) as he did so, and took Atahualpa prisoner. Soon, Atahualpa recognised that a huge ransom was his completely chance of freedom, so he promised a huge hoard of gold to the Spaniards, which the Incan kings subjects duly paid. The ransom, the largest ever made, was staggering when swimming down, it consisted of sufficient gold to fill a room 22 feet unyielding by 17 feet wide to a height of more than 8 feet What artistic treasures were lost, we shall never know. We note here that the Incas made even the soldiers rich, not just Pizarro and the King of Spain (who took 20 per cent of the booty).The conquistadors each received a share appropriate to his rank horseman received 40 kilograms of gold and 81 kg of silver, while foot-soldiers received half that amount. After the full amount had been delivered, Pizarro reneged on his promise and on August 29, 1533, the conquistador ordered Atahualpa burned to death. However, when Atahualpa was brought to the stake, Father de Valverde offered him the choice of being burned alive or being killed by the more merciful garrot if he would convert to Christianity.Although throughout his incarceration Atahualpa had resisted conversion, he agreed to it and so died that day by strangulation. Cajamarca was not the nevertheless occasion in 1532 on which Western technology was able to thump out Incan technology for technology such as guns and steel swords, rather than fighting skills and valour were what won the day. Jared Diamond, from whose excellent, Pulitzer Prize-winning book, Guns, Germs and Steel, (Vintage, 1998), the above quotations come, writes During Pizarros march from Cajamarca to the Inca dandy of Cuzco afterAtahualpas death, there were quartet such battles at Jauja, Vilcashuaman, Vilcaconga, and Cuzco. Those four battles involved a mere 80, 30, 110, and 40 Spanish horsemen, respectively, in each case ranged against thousands or tens of thousands of Indians. Footnote On January 18, 1535, as Pizarro thought the Inca capital letter of Cuzco was too far up in the mountains and far from the sea to serve as the Spanish capital of Peru, he founded the city of Lima, still the capital of that nation.